Converted fractional, fixed integral

phasm/codestyle.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ It's intented to be a "any color, as long as it's black" kind of renderer
 from typing import Generator
 
 from . import ourlang
+from .type3 import typeclasses as type3classes
 from .type3 import types as type3types
 from .type3.types import TYPE3_ASSERTION_ERROR, Type3, Type3OrPlaceholder
 
@@ -103,7 +104,12 @@ def expression(inp: ourlang.Expression) -> str:
         return f'{inp.operator}{expression(inp.right)}'
 
     if isinstance(inp, ourlang.BinaryOp):
-        return f'{expression(inp.left)} {inp.operator} {expression(inp.right)}'
+        if isinstance(inp.operator, type3classes.Type3ClassMethod):
+            operator = inp.operator.name
+        else:
+            operator = inp.operator
+
+        return f'{expression(inp.left)} {operator} {expression(inp.right)}'
 
     if isinstance(inp, ourlang.FunctionCall):
         args = ', '.join(

phasm/compiler.py

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 This module contains the code to convert parsed Ourlang into WebAssembly code
 """
 import struct
-from typing import List, Optional
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
 
 from . import codestyle, ourlang, wasm
 from .runtime import calculate_alloc_size, calculate_member_offset
 from .stdlib import alloc as stdlib_alloc
 from .stdlib import types as stdlib_types
+from .type3 import typeclasses as type3classes
 from .type3 import types as type3types
 from .wasmgenerator import Generator as WasmGenerator
 
@@ -25,6 +26,55 @@ LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP = {
     'bytes': 'i32', # Bytes are passed around as pointers
 }
 
+# For now this is nice & clean, but this will get messy quick
+# Especially once we get functions with polymorphying applied types
+INSTANCES = {
+    type3classes.Eq.operators['==']: {
+        'a=u8': stdlib_types.u8_eq_equals,
+        'a=u32': stdlib_types.u32_eq_equals,
+        'a=u64': stdlib_types.u64_eq_equals,
+        'a=i8': stdlib_types.i8_eq_equals,
+        'a=i32': stdlib_types.i32_eq_equals,
+        'a=i64': stdlib_types.i64_eq_equals,
+        'a=f32': stdlib_types.f32_eq_equals,
+        'a=f64': stdlib_types.f64_eq_equals,
+    },
+    type3classes.Fractional.operators['/']: {
+        'a=f32': stdlib_types.f32_fractional_div,
+        'a=f64': stdlib_types.f64_fractional_div,
+    },
+    type3classes.Integral.methods['div']: {
+        'a=u32': stdlib_types.u32_integral_div,
+        'a=u64': stdlib_types.u64_integral_div,
+        'a=i32': stdlib_types.i32_integral_div,
+        'a=i64': stdlib_types.i64_integral_div,
+    },
+    type3classes.Num.operators['+']: {
+        'a=u32': stdlib_types.u32_num_add,
+        'a=u64': stdlib_types.u64_num_add,
+        'a=i32': stdlib_types.i32_num_add,
+        'a=i64': stdlib_types.i64_num_add,
+        'a=f32': stdlib_types.f32_num_add,
+        'a=f64': stdlib_types.f64_num_add,
+    },
+    type3classes.Num.operators['-']: {
+        'a=u32': stdlib_types.u32_num_sub,
+        'a=u64': stdlib_types.u64_num_sub,
+        'a=i32': stdlib_types.i32_num_sub,
+        'a=i64': stdlib_types.i64_num_sub,
+        'a=f32': stdlib_types.f32_num_sub,
+        'a=f64': stdlib_types.f64_num_sub,
+    },
+    type3classes.Num.operators['*']: {
+        'a=u32': stdlib_types.u32_num_mul,
+        'a=u64': stdlib_types.u64_num_mul,
+        'a=i32': stdlib_types.i32_num_mul,
+        'a=i64': stdlib_types.i64_num_mul,
+        'a=f32': stdlib_types.f32_num_mul,
+        'a=f64': stdlib_types.f64_num_mul,
+    },
+}
+
 def phasm_compile(inp: ourlang.Module) -> wasm.Module:
     """
     Public method for compiling a parsed Phasm module into
@@ -44,6 +94,11 @@ def type3(inp: type3types.Type3OrPlaceholder) -> wasm.WasmType:
     if inp == type3types.none:
         return wasm.WasmTypeNone()
 
+    if inp == type3types.bool_:
+        # WebAssembly stores booleans as i32
+        # See e.g. f32.eq, which is [f32 f32] -> [i32]
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt32()
+
     if inp == type3types.u8:
         # WebAssembly has only support for 32 and 64 bits
         # So we need to store more memory per byte
@@ -92,14 +147,6 @@ def type3(inp: type3types.Type3OrPlaceholder) -> wasm.WasmType:
 
     raise NotImplementedError(type3, inp)
 
-# Operators that work for i32, i64, f32, f64
-OPERATOR_MAP = {
-    '+': 'add',
-    '-': 'sub',
-    '*': 'mul',
-    '==': 'eq',
-}
-
 U8_OPERATOR_MAP = {
     # Under the hood, this is an i32
     # Implementing Right Shift XOR, OR, AND is fine since the 3 remaining
@@ -120,7 +167,6 @@ U32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
     '^': 'xor',
     '|': 'or',
     '&': 'and',
-    '/': 'div_u' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
 }
 
 U64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
@@ -133,7 +179,6 @@ U64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
     '^': 'xor',
     '|': 'or',
     '&': 'and',
-    '/': 'div_u' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
 }
 
 I32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
@@ -141,7 +186,6 @@ I32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
     '>': 'gt_s',
     '<=': 'le_s',
     '>=': 'ge_s',
-    '/': 'div_s' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
 }
 
 I64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
@@ -149,15 +193,6 @@ I64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
     '>': 'gt_s',
     '<=': 'le_s',
     '>=': 'ge_s',
-    '/': 'div_s' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
-}
-
-F32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
-    '/': 'div' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
-}
-
-F64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
-    '/': 'div' # Division by zero is a trap and the program will panic
 }
 
 def tuple_instantiation(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.TupleInstantiation) -> None:
@@ -303,6 +338,30 @@ def expression(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> None:
         expression(wgn, inp.right)
 
         assert isinstance(inp.type3, type3types.Type3), type3types.TYPE3_ASSERTION_ERROR
+
+        if isinstance(inp.operator, type3classes.Type3ClassMethod):
+            type_var_map: Dict[type3classes.TypeVariable, type3types.Type3] = {}
+
+            for type_var, arg_expr in zip(inp.operator.signature, [inp.left, inp.right, inp]):
+                if not isinstance(type_var, type3classes.TypeVariable):
+                    # Fixed type, not part of the lookup requirements
+                    continue
+
+                assert isinstance(arg_expr.type3, type3types.Type3), type3types.TYPE3_ASSERTION_ERROR
+                type_var_map[type_var] = arg_expr.type3
+
+            instance_key = ','.join(
+                f'{k.letter}={v.name}'
+                for k, v in type_var_map.items()
+            )
+
+            instance = INSTANCES.get(inp.operator, {}).get(instance_key, None)
+            if instance is not None:
+                instance(wgn)
+                return
+
+            raise NotImplementedError(inp.operator, instance_key)
+
         # FIXME: Re-implement build-in operators
         # Maybe operator_annotation is the way to go
         # Maybe the older stuff below that is the way to go
@@ -315,56 +374,27 @@ def expression(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> None:
         if operator_annotation == '(<) :: u64 -> u64 -> bool':
             wgn.add_statement('i64.lt_u')
             return
-        if operator_annotation == '(==) :: u64 -> u64 -> bool':
-            wgn.add_statement('i64.eq')
-            return
 
         if inp.type3 == type3types.u8:
             if operator := U8_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
                 wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
                 return
         if inp.type3 == type3types.u32:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
-                return
             if operator := U32_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
                 wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
                 return
         if inp.type3 == type3types.u64:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
-                return
             if operator := U64_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
                 wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
                 return
         if inp.type3 == type3types.i32:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
-                return
             if operator := I32_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
                 wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
                 return
         if inp.type3 == type3types.i64:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
-                return
             if operator := I64_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
                 wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
                 return
-        if inp.type3 == type3types.f32:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'f32.{operator}')
-                return
-            if operator := F32_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'f32.{operator}')
-                return
-        if inp.type3 == type3types.f64:
-            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'f64.{operator}')
-                return
-            if operator := F64_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
-                wgn.add_statement(f'f64.{operator}')
-                return
 
         raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp.operator, inp.left.type3, inp.right.type3, inp.type3)
 
@@ -399,6 +429,30 @@ def expression(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> None:
         for arg in inp.arguments:
             expression(wgn, arg)
 
+        if isinstance(inp.function, type3classes.Type3ClassMethod):
+            # FIXME: Duplicate code with BinaryOp
+            type_var_map = {}
+
+            for type_var, arg_expr in zip(inp.function.signature, inp.arguments + [inp]):
+                if not isinstance(type_var, type3classes.TypeVariable):
+                    # Fixed type, not part of the lookup requirements
+                    continue
+
+                assert isinstance(arg_expr.type3, type3types.Type3), type3types.TYPE3_ASSERTION_ERROR
+                type_var_map[type_var] = arg_expr.type3
+
+            instance_key = ','.join(
+                f'{k.letter}={v.name}'
+                for k, v in type_var_map.items()
+            )
+
+            instance = INSTANCES.get(inp.function, {}).get(instance_key, None)
+            if instance is not None:
+                instance(wgn)
+                return
+
+            raise NotImplementedError(inp.function, instance_key)
+
         wgn.add_statement('call', '${}'.format(inp.function.name))
         return
 

phasm/ourlang.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from typing import Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Union
 
 from typing_extensions import Final
 
+from .type3 import typeclasses as type3typeclasses
 from .type3 import types as type3types
 from .type3.types import PlaceholderForType, StructType3, Type3, Type3OrPlaceholder
 
@@ -149,11 +150,11 @@ class BinaryOp(Expression):
     """
     __slots__ = ('operator', 'left', 'right', )
 
-    operator: str
+    operator: Union[str, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod]
     left: Expression
     right: Expression
 
-    def __init__(self, operator: str, left: Expression, right: Expression) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, operator: Union[str, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod], left: Expression, right: Expression) -> None:
         super().__init__()
 
         self.operator = operator
@@ -169,10 +170,10 @@ class FunctionCall(Expression):
     """
     __slots__ = ('function', 'arguments', )
 
-    function: 'Function'
+    function: Union['Function', type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod]
     arguments: List[Expression]
 
-    def __init__(self, function: 'Function') -> None:
+    def __init__(self, function: Union['Function', type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod]) -> None:
         super().__init__()
 
         self.function = function

phasm/parser.py

@@ -32,8 +32,22 @@ from .ourlang import (
     UnaryOp,
     VariableReference,
 )
+from .type3 import typeclasses as type3typeclasses
 from .type3 import types as type3types
 
+PRELUDE_OPERATORS = {
+    **type3typeclasses.Eq.operators,
+    **type3typeclasses.Fractional.operators,
+    **type3typeclasses.Integral.operators,
+    **type3typeclasses.Num.operators,
+}
+
+PRELUDE_METHODS = {
+    **type3typeclasses.Eq.methods,
+    **type3typeclasses.Fractional.methods,
+    **type3typeclasses.Integral.methods,
+    **type3typeclasses.Num.methods,
+}
 
 def phasm_parse(source: str) -> Module:
     """
@@ -338,6 +352,8 @@ class OurVisitor:
 
     def visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, node: ast.expr) -> Expression:
         if isinstance(node, ast.BinOp):
+            operator: Union[str, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod]
+
             if isinstance(node.op, ast.Add):
                 operator = '+'
             elif isinstance(node.op, ast.Sub):
@@ -359,6 +375,9 @@ class OurVisitor:
             else:
                 raise NotImplementedError(f'Operator {node.op}')
 
+            if operator in PRELUDE_OPERATORS:
+                operator = PRELUDE_OPERATORS[operator]
+
             return BinaryOp(
                 operator,
                 self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, node.left),
@@ -391,6 +410,9 @@ class OurVisitor:
             else:
                 raise NotImplementedError(f'Operator {node.ops}')
 
+            if operator in PRELUDE_OPERATORS:
+                operator = PRELUDE_OPERATORS[operator]
+
             return BinaryOp(
                 operator,
                 self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, node.left),
@@ -452,7 +474,11 @@ class OurVisitor:
         if not isinstance(node.func.ctx, ast.Load):
             _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
 
-        if node.func.id in module.struct_definitions:
+        func: Union[Function, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod]
+
+        if node.func.id in PRELUDE_METHODS:
+            func = PRELUDE_METHODS[node.func.id]
+        elif node.func.id in module.struct_definitions:
             struct_definition = module.struct_definitions[node.func.id]
             struct_constructor = StructConstructor(struct_definition.struct_type3)
 
@@ -511,13 +537,15 @@ class OurVisitor:
 
             func = module.functions[node.func.id]
 
-        if len(func.posonlyargs) != len(node.args):
-            _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires {len(func.posonlyargs)} arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+        exp_arg_count = len(func.posonlyargs) if isinstance(func, Function) else len(func.signature) - 1
+
+        if exp_arg_count != len(node.args):
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires {exp_arg_count} arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
 
         result = FunctionCall(func)
         result.arguments.extend(
             self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, arg_expr)
-            for arg_expr, param in zip(node.args, func.posonlyargs)
+            for arg_expr in node.args
         )
         return result
 

phasm/stdlib/types.py

@@ -65,3 +65,99 @@ def __subscript_bytes__(g: Generator, adr: i32, ofs: i32) -> i32:
     g.return_()
 
     return i32('return') # To satisfy mypy
+
+def u8_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.eq')
+
+def u32_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.eq')
+
+def u64_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.eq')
+
+def i8_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.eq')
+
+def i32_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.eq')
+
+def i64_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.eq')
+
+def f32_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f32.eq')
+
+def f64_eq_equals(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f64.eq')
+
+def f32_fractional_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f32.div')
+
+def f64_fractional_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f64.div')
+
+def u32_integral_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.div_u')
+
+def u64_integral_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.div_u')
+
+def i32_integral_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.div_s')
+
+def i64_integral_div(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.div_s')
+
+def u32_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.add')
+
+def u64_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.add')
+
+def i32_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.add')
+
+def i64_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.add')
+
+def f32_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f32.add')
+
+def f64_num_add(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f64.add')
+
+def u32_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.sub')
+
+def u64_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.sub')
+
+def i32_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.sub')
+
+def i64_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.sub')
+
+def f32_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f32.sub')
+
+def f64_num_sub(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f64.sub')
+
+def u32_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.mul')
+
+def u64_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.mul')
+
+def i32_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i32.mul')
+
+def i64_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('i64.mul')
+
+def f32_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f32.mul')
+
+def f64_num_mul(g: Generator) -> None:
+    g.add_statement('f64.mul')

phasm/type3/constraints.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ These need to be resolved before the program can be compiled.
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
 from .. import ourlang
-from . import types
+from . import typeclasses, types
 
 
 class Error:
@@ -288,21 +288,21 @@ class MustImplementTypeClassConstraint(ConstraintBase):
     """
     __slots__ = ('type_class3', 'type3', )
 
-    type_class3: str
+    type_class3: Union[str, typeclasses.Type3Class]
     type3: types.Type3OrPlaceholder
 
     DATA = {
-        'u8': {'BitWiseOperation', 'BasicMathOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
-        'u32': {'BitWiseOperation', 'BasicMathOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
-        'u64': {'BitWiseOperation', 'BasicMathOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
-        'i32': {'BasicMathOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
-        'i64': {'BasicMathOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
+        'u8': {'BitWiseOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
+        'u32': {'BitWiseOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
+        'u64': {'BitWiseOperation', 'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
+        'i32': {'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
+        'i64': {'EqualComparison', 'StrictPartialOrder'},
         'bytes': {'Foldable', 'Sized'},
-        'f32': {'BasicMathOperation', 'FloatingPoint'},
-        'f64': {'BasicMathOperation', 'FloatingPoint'},
+        'f32': {'Fractional', 'FloatingPoint'},
+        'f64': {'Fractional', 'FloatingPoint'},
     }
 
-    def __init__(self, type_class3: str, type3: types.Type3OrPlaceholder, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, type_class3: Union[str, typeclasses.Type3Class], type3: types.Type3OrPlaceholder, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
         super().__init__(comment=comment)
 
         self.type_class3 = type_class3
@@ -316,6 +316,10 @@ class MustImplementTypeClassConstraint(ConstraintBase):
         if isinstance(typ, types.PlaceholderForType):
             return RequireTypeSubstitutes()
 
+        if isinstance(self.type_class3, typeclasses.Type3Class):
+            if self.type_class3 in typ.classes:
+                return None
+        else:
             if self.type_class3 in self.__class__.DATA.get(typ.name, set()):
                 return None
 
@@ -325,7 +329,7 @@ class MustImplementTypeClassConstraint(ConstraintBase):
         return (
             '{type3} derives {type_class3}',
             {
-                'type_class3': self.type_class3,
+                'type_class3': str(self.type_class3),
                 'type3': self.type3,
             },
         )

phasm/type3/constraintsgenerator.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ The constraints solver can then try to resolve all constraints.
 from typing import Generator, List
 
 from .. import ourlang
+from . import typeclasses as type3typeclasses
 from . import types as type3types
 from .constraints import (
     CanBeSubscriptedConstraint,
@@ -65,6 +66,37 @@ def expression(ctx: Context, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> ConstraintGenerator:
         raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.operator)
 
     if isinstance(inp, ourlang.BinaryOp):
+        if isinstance(inp.operator, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod):
+            type_var_map = {
+                x: type3types.PlaceholderForType([])
+                for x in inp.operator.signature
+                if isinstance(x, type3typeclasses.TypeVariable)
+            }
+
+            yield from expression(ctx, inp.left)
+            yield from expression(ctx, inp.right)
+
+            for type_var in inp.operator.type3_class.args:
+                assert type_var in type_var_map # When can this happen?
+
+                yield MustImplementTypeClassConstraint(
+                    inp.operator.type3_class,
+                    type_var_map[type_var],
+                )
+
+            for sig_part, arg_expr in zip(inp.operator.signature, [inp.left, inp.right, inp]):
+                if isinstance(sig_part, type3typeclasses.TypeVariable):
+                    yield SameTypeConstraint(type_var_map[sig_part], arg_expr.type3)
+                    continue
+
+                if isinstance(sig_part, type3typeclasses.TypeReference):
+                    # On key error: We probably have to a lot of work to do refactoring
+                    # the type lookups
+                    exp_type = type3types.LOOKUP_TABLE[sig_part.name]
+                    yield SameTypeConstraint(exp_type, arg_expr.type3)
+                    continue
+            return
+
         if inp.operator in ('|', '&', '^', ):
             yield from expression(ctx, inp.left)
             yield from expression(ctx, inp.right)
@@ -83,15 +115,6 @@ def expression(ctx: Context, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> ConstraintGenerator:
                 comment=f'({inp.operator}) :: a -> a -> a')
             return
 
-        if inp.operator in ('+', '-', '*', '/', ):
-            yield from expression(ctx, inp.left)
-            yield from expression(ctx, inp.right)
-
-            yield MustImplementTypeClassConstraint('BasicMathOperation', inp.left.type3)
-            yield SameTypeConstraint(inp.left.type3, inp.right.type3, inp.type3,
-                comment=f'({inp.operator}) :: a -> a -> a')
-            return
-
         if inp.operator == '==':
             yield from expression(ctx, inp.left)
             yield from expression(ctx, inp.right)
@@ -117,6 +140,39 @@ def expression(ctx: Context, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> ConstraintGenerator:
         raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp)
 
     if isinstance(inp, ourlang.FunctionCall):
+        if isinstance(inp.function, type3typeclasses.Type3ClassMethod):
+            # FIXME: Duplicate code with BinaryOp
+
+            type_var_map = {
+                x: type3types.PlaceholderForType([])
+                for x in inp.function.signature
+                if isinstance(x, type3typeclasses.TypeVariable)
+            }
+
+            for call_arg in inp.arguments:
+                yield from expression(ctx, call_arg)
+
+            for type_var in inp.function.type3_class.args:
+                assert type_var in type_var_map # When can this happen?
+
+                yield MustImplementTypeClassConstraint(
+                    inp.function.type3_class,
+                    type_var_map[type_var],
+                )
+
+            for sig_part, arg_expr in zip(inp.function.signature, inp.arguments + [inp]):
+                if isinstance(sig_part, type3typeclasses.TypeVariable):
+                    yield SameTypeConstraint(type_var_map[sig_part], arg_expr.type3)
+                    continue
+
+                if isinstance(sig_part, type3typeclasses.TypeReference):
+                    # On key error: We probably have to a lot of work to do refactoring
+                    # the type lookups
+                    exp_type = type3types.LOOKUP_TABLE[sig_part.name]
+                    yield SameTypeConstraint(exp_type, arg_expr.type3)
+                    continue
+            return
+
         yield SameTypeConstraint(inp.function.returns_type3, inp.type3,
             comment=f'The type of a function call to {inp.function.name} is the same as the type that the function returns')
 

phasm/type3/typeclasses.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Mapping, Union
+
+
+class TypeVariable:
+    __slots__ = ('letter', )
+
+    letter: str
+
+    def __init__(self, letter: str) -> None:
+        assert len(letter) == 1, f'{letter} is not a valid type variable'
+        self.letter = letter
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.letter)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, TypeVariable):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        return self.letter == other.letter
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'TypeVariable({repr(self.letter)})'
+
+class TypeReference:
+    __slots__ = ('name', )
+
+    name: str
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        assert len(name) > 1, f'{name} is not a valid type reference'
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(self.name)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, TypeReference):
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        return self.name == other.name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'TypeReference({repr(self.name)})'
+
+class Type3ClassMethod:
+    __slots__ = ('type3_class', 'name', 'signature', )
+
+    type3_class: 'Type3Class'
+    name: str
+    signature: List[Union[TypeReference, TypeVariable]]
+
+    def __init__(self, type3_class: 'Type3Class', name: str, signature: str) -> None:
+        self.type3_class = type3_class
+        self.name = name
+        self.signature = [
+            TypeVariable(x) if len(x) == 1 else TypeReference(x)
+            for x in signature.split(' -> ')
+        ]
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f'Type3ClassMethod({repr(self.type3_class)}, {repr(self.name)}, {repr(self.signature)})'
+
+class Type3Class:
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'args', 'methods', 'operators', )
+
+    name: str
+    args: List[TypeVariable]
+    methods: Dict[str, Type3ClassMethod]
+    operators: Dict[str, Type3ClassMethod]
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, args: Iterable[str], methods: Mapping[str, str], operators: Mapping[str, str]) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.args = [TypeVariable(x) for x in args]
+        self.methods = {
+            k: Type3ClassMethod(self, k, v)
+            for k, v in methods.items()
+        }
+        self.operators = {
+            k: Type3ClassMethod(self, k, v)
+            for k, v in operators.items()
+        }
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return self.name
+
+Eq = Type3Class('Eq', ['a'], methods={}, operators={
+    '==': 'a -> a -> bool',
+})
+
+Fractional = Type3Class('Fractional', ['a'], methods={}, operators={
+    '/': 'a -> a -> a',
+})
+
+Integral = Type3Class('Eq', ['a'], methods={
+    'div': 'a -> a -> a',
+}, operators={})
+
+Num = Type3Class('Num', ['a'], methods={}, operators={
+    '+': 'a -> a -> a',
+    '-': 'a -> a -> a',
+    '*': 'a -> a -> a',
+})

phasm/type3/types.py

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ constraint generator works with.
 """
 from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Protocol, Union
 
+from .typeclasses import Eq, Fractional, Integral, Num, Type3Class
+
 TYPE3_ASSERTION_ERROR = 'You must call phasm_type3 after calling phasm_parse before you can call any other method'
 
 class ExpressionProtocol(Protocol):
@@ -22,18 +24,24 @@ class Type3:
     """
     Base class for the type3 types
     """
-    __slots__ = ('name', )
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'classes', )
 
     name: str
     """
     The name of the string, as parsed and outputted by codestyle.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+    classes: List[Type3Class]
+    """
+    The type classes that this type implements
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, classes: Iterable[Type3Class]) -> None:
         self.name = name
+        self.classes = [*classes]
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f'Type3("{self.name}")'
+        return f'Type3({repr(self.name)}, {repr(self.classes)})'
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
         return self.name
@@ -79,7 +87,7 @@ class IntType3(Type3):
     value: int
 
     def __init__(self, value: int) -> None:
-        super().__init__(str(value))
+        super().__init__(str(value), [])
 
         assert 0 <= value
         self.value = value
@@ -164,7 +172,8 @@ class AppliedType3(Type3):
             base.name
             + ' ('
             + ') ('.join(str(x) for x in args) # FIXME: Do we need to redo the name on substitution?
-            + ')'
+            + ')',
+            []
         )
 
         self.base = base
@@ -213,7 +222,7 @@ class StructType3(Type3):
     """
 
     def __init__(self, name: str, members: Dict[str, Type3]) -> None:
-        super().__init__(name)
+        super().__init__(name, [])
 
         self.name = name
         self.members = dict(members)
@@ -221,38 +230,40 @@ class StructType3(Type3):
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f'StructType3(repr({self.name}), repr({self.members}))'
 
-none = PrimitiveType3('none')
+none = PrimitiveType3('none', [])
 """
 The none type, for when functions simply don't return anything. e.g., IO().
 """
 
-bool_ = PrimitiveType3('bool')
+bool_ = PrimitiveType3('bool', [])
 """
 The bool type, either True or False
+
+Suffixes with an underscores, as it's a Python builtin
 """
 
-u8 = PrimitiveType3('u8')
+u8 = PrimitiveType3('u8', [Eq, Integral])
 """
 The unsigned 8-bit integer type.
 
 Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^8.
 """
 
-u32 = PrimitiveType3('u32')
+u32 = PrimitiveType3('u32', [Eq, Integral, Num])
 """
 The unsigned 32-bit integer type.
 
 Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^32.
 """
 
-u64 = PrimitiveType3('u64')
+u64 = PrimitiveType3('u64', [Eq, Integral, Num])
 """
 The unsigned 64-bit integer type.
 
 Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^64.
 """
 
-i8 = PrimitiveType3('i8')
+i8 = PrimitiveType3('i8', [Eq, Integral])
 """
 The signed 8-bit integer type.
 
@@ -260,7 +271,7 @@ Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^8, but
 with the middel point being 0.
 """
 
-i32 = PrimitiveType3('i32')
+i32 = PrimitiveType3('i32', [Eq, Integral, Num])
 """
 The unsigned 32-bit integer type.
 
@@ -268,7 +279,7 @@ Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^32, but
 with the middel point being 0.
 """
 
-i64 = PrimitiveType3('i64')
+i64 = PrimitiveType3('i64', [Eq, Integral, Num])
 """
 The unsigned 64-bit integer type.
 
@@ -276,22 +287,22 @@ Operations on variables employ modular arithmetic, with modulus 2^64, but
 with the middel point being 0.
 """
 
-f32 = PrimitiveType3('f32')
+f32 = PrimitiveType3('f32', [Eq, Fractional, Num])
 """
 A 32-bits IEEE 754 float, of 32 bits width.
 """
 
-f64 = PrimitiveType3('f64')
+f64 = PrimitiveType3('f64', [Eq, Fractional, Num])
 """
 A 32-bits IEEE 754 float, of 64 bits width.
 """
 
-bytes = PrimitiveType3('bytes')
+bytes = PrimitiveType3('bytes', [])
 """
 This is a runtime-determined length piece of memory that can be indexed at runtime.
 """
 
-static_array = PrimitiveType3('static_array')
+static_array = PrimitiveType3('static_array', [])
 """
 This is a fixed length piece of memory that can be indexed at runtime.
 
@@ -299,7 +310,7 @@ It should be applied with one argument. It has a runtime-dynamic length
 of the same type repeated.
 """
 
-tuple = PrimitiveType3('tuple') # pylint: disable=W0622
+tuple = PrimitiveType3('tuple', []) # pylint: disable=W0622
 """
 This is a fixed length piece of memory.
 

tests/integration/helpers.py

@@ -252,6 +252,10 @@ def _load_memory_stored_returned_value(
     if ret_type3 is type3types.none:
         return None
 
+    if ret_type3 is type3types.bool_:
+        assert isinstance(wasm_value, int), wasm_value
+        return 0 != wasm_value
+
     if ret_type3 in (type3types.i32, type3types.i64):
         assert isinstance(wasm_value, int), wasm_value
         return wasm_value

tests/integration/test_lang/test_eq.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import pytest
+
+from phasm.type3.entry import Type3Exception
+
+from ..helpers import Suite
+
+INT_TYPES = ['u8', 'u32', 'u64', 'i8', 'i32', 'i64']
+FLOAT_TYPES = ['f32', 'f64']
+
+TYPE_MAP = {
+    'u8': int,
+    'u32': int,
+    'u64': int,
+    'i8': int,
+    'i32': int,
+    'i64': int,
+    'f32': float,
+    'f64': float,
+}
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_equals_not_implemented():
+    code_py = """
+class Foo:
+    val: i32
+
+@exported
+def testEntry(x: Foo, y: Foo) -> Foo:
+    return x + y
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(Type3Exception, match='Foo does not implement the Num type class'):
+        Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', INT_TYPES)
+def test_equals_int_same(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT0: {type_} = 10
+
+CONSTANT1: {type_} = 10
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> bool:
+    return CONSTANT0 == CONSTANT1
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert True is result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', INT_TYPES)
+def test_equals_int_different(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT0: {type_} = 10
+
+CONSTANT1: {type_} = 3
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> bool:
+    return CONSTANT0 == CONSTANT1
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert False is result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', FLOAT_TYPES)
+def test_equals_float_same(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT0: {type_} = 10.125
+
+CONSTANT1: {type_} = 10.125
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> bool:
+    return CONSTANT0 == CONSTANT1
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert True is result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', FLOAT_TYPES)
+def test_equals_float_different(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT0: {type_} = 10.32
+
+CONSTANT1: {type_} = 10.33
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> bool:
+    return CONSTANT0 == CONSTANT1
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert False is result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_lang/test_integral.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ def test_division_int(type_):
     code_py = f"""
 @exported
 def testEntry() -> {type_}:
-    return 10 / 3
+    return div(10, 3)
 """
 
     result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def test_division_zero_let_it_crash_int(type_):
     code_py = f"""
 @exported
 def testEntry() -> {type_}:
-    return 10 / 0
+    return div(10, 0)
 """
 
     # WebAssembly dictates that integer division is a partial operator (e.g. unreachable for 0)

tests/integration/test_lang/test_num.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
+from phasm.type3.entry import Type3Exception
+
 from ..helpers import Suite
 
 INT_TYPES = ['u32', 'u64', 'i32', 'i64']
@@ -14,6 +16,20 @@ TYPE_MAP = {
     'f64': float,
 }
 
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_addition_not_implemented():
+    code_py = """
+class Foo:
+    val: i32
+
+@exported
+def testEntry(x: Foo, y: Foo) -> Foo:
+    return x + y
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(Type3Exception, match='Foo does not implement the Num type class'):
+        Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
 @pytest.mark.integration_test
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', INT_TYPES)
 def test_addition_int(type_):
@@ -71,20 +87,56 @@ def testEntry() -> {type_}:
     assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
 
 @pytest.mark.integration_test
-@pytest.mark.skip('TODO: Runtimes return a signed value, which is difficult to test')
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ('u32', 'u64')) # FIXME: u8
-def test_subtraction_underflow(type_):
-    code_py = f"""
+def test_subtraction_negative_result():
+    code_py = """
 @exported
-def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+def testEntry() -> i32:
     return 10 - 11
 """
 
     result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
 
-    assert 0 < result.returned_value
+    assert -1 == result.returned_value
 
-# TODO: Multiplication
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_subtraction_underflow():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u32:
+    return 10 - 11
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 4294967295 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', INT_TYPES)
+def test_multiplication_int(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 * 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 30 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', FLOAT_TYPES)
+def test_multiplication_float(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 32.0 * 0.125
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 4.0 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
 
 @pytest.mark.integration_test
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', INT_TYPES)