.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/*.wasm
+/*.wat
+/.coverage
+/venv
+
+__pycache__

Makefile

@@ -1,8 +1,44 @@
-%.wat: %.py compile.py
+WABT_DIR := /home/johan/Sources/github.com/WebAssembly/wabt
-	python3.8 compile.py $< > $@
+
+WAT2WASM := $(WABT_DIR)/bin/wat2wasm
+WASM2C := $(WABT_DIR)/bin/wasm2c
+
+%.wat: %.py $(shell find phasm -name '*.py') venv/.done
+	venv/bin/python -m phasm $< $@
+
+%.wat.html: %.wat
+	venv/bin/pygmentize -l wat -O full -f html $^ -o $@
+
+%.py.html: %.py
+	venv/bin/pygmentize -l py -O full -f html $^ -o $@
 
 %.wasm: %.wat
-	wat2wasm $^ -o $@
+	$(WAT2WASM) $^ -o $@
 
-server:
+%.c: %.wasm
-	python3.8 -m http.server
+	$(WASM2C) $^ -o $@
+
+# %.exe: %.c
+# 	cc $^ -o $@ -I $(WABT_DIR)/wasm2c
+
+examples: venv/.done $(subst .py,.wasm,$(wildcard examples/*.py)) $(subst .py,.wat.html,$(wildcard examples/*.py)) $(subst .py,.py.html,$(wildcard examples/*.py))
+	venv/bin/python3 -m http.server --directory examples
+
+test: venv/.done
+	venv/bin/pytest tests $(TEST_FLAGS)
+
+lint: venv/.done
+	venv/bin/pylint phasm
+
+typecheck: venv/.done
+	venv/bin/mypy --strict phasm tests/integration/runners.py
+
+venv/.done: requirements.txt
+	python3.8 -m venv venv
+	venv/bin/python3 -m pip install wheel pip --upgrade
+	venv/bin/python3 -m pip install -r $^
+	touch $@
+
+.SECONDARY: # Keep intermediate files
+
+.PHONY: examples

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+phasm
+=====
+
+Elevator pitch
+--------------
+A programming language, that looks like Python, handles like Haskell,
+and compiles directly to WebAssembly.
+
+Project state
+-------------
+This is a hobby project for now. Use at your own risk.
+
+How to run
+----------
+You should only need make and python3. Currently, we're working with python3.8,
+since we're using the python ast parser, it might not work on other versions.
+
+To run the examples:
+```sh
+make examples
+```
+
+To run the tests:
+```sh
+make test
+```
+
+To run the linting and type checking:
+```sh
+make lint typecheck
+```
+
+To compile a Phasm file:
+```sh
+python3.8 -m phasm source.py output.wat
+```
+
+Additional required tools
+-------------------------
+At the moment, the compiler outputs WebAssembly text format. To actually
+get a binary, you will need the wat2wasm tool[6].
+
+Example
+-------
+For more examples, see the examples directory.
+```py
+def helper(n: u64, a: u64, b: u64) -> u64:
+    if n < 1:
+        return a + b
+
+    return helper(n - 1, a + b, a)
+
+@exported
+def fib(n: u64) -> u64:
+    if n == 0:
+        return 0
+
+    if n == 1:
+        return 1
+
+    return helper(n - 1, 0, 1)
+```
+
+Gotcha's
+--------
+- When importing and exporting unsigned values to WebAssembly, they will become
+  signed, as WebAssembly has no native unsigned type. You may need to cast
+  or reinterpret them.
+- Currently, Phasm files have the .py extension, which helps with syntax
+  highlighting, that might change in the future.
+
+Contributing
+------------
+At this time, we're mostly looking for use cases for WebAssembly, other than to
+compile existing C code and running them in the browser. The goal of WebAssembly
+is to enable high-performance applications on web pages[5]. Though most people
+seem to use it to have existing code run in the browser.
+
+If you have a situation where WebAssembly would be useful for it's speed, we're
+interested to see what you want to use it for.
+
+Also, if you are trying out Phasm, and you're running into a limitation, we're
+interested in a minimal test case that shows what you want to achieve and how
+Phasm currently fails you.
+
+Name origin
+-----------
+- p from python
+- ha from Haskell
+- asm from WebAssembly
+
+References
+----------
+[1] https://www.python.org/  
+[2] https://www.haskell.org/  
+[3] https://webassembly.org/  
+[4] https://www.w3.org/TR/wasm-core-1/  
+[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WebAssembly&oldid=1103639883  
+[6] https://github.com/WebAssembly/wabt  

TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# TODO
+
+- Implement a trace() builtin for debugging
+- Implement a proper type matching / checking system
+- Check if we can use DataView in the Javascript examples, e.g. with setUint32
+- Storing u8 in memory still claims 32 bits (since that's what you need in local variables). However, using load8_u / loadu_s we can optimize this.
+- Implement a FizzBuzz example
+- Also, check the codes for FIXME and TODO

compile.py

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-import _ast
-import ast
-import sys
-
-class Import:
-    def __init__(self, module, name, intname):
-        self.module = module
-        self.name = name
-        self.intname = intname
-        self.params = None
-
-    def generate(self):
-        return '(import "{}" "{}" (func ${}{}))'.format(
-            self.module,
-            self.name,
-            self.intname,
-            ''.join(' (param {})'.format(x) for x in self.params)
-        )
-
-class Statement:
-    def __init__(self, name, *args):
-        self.name = name
-        self.args = args
-
-    def generate(self):
-        return '{} {}'.format(self.name, ' '.join(self.args))
-
-class Function:
-    def __init__(self, name, exported=True):
-        self.name = name
-        self.exported = exported # TODO: Use __all__!
-        self.statements = []
-
-    def generate(self):
-        return '(func {}\n    {})'.format(
-            ('(export "{}")' if self.exported else '${}').format(self.name),
-            '\n    '.join(x.generate() for x in self.statements),
-        )
-
-class Visitor(ast.NodeVisitor):
-    def __init__(self):
-        self._stack = []
-        self.imports = []
-        self.functions = []
-
-    def visit_ImportFrom(self, node):
-        for alias in node.names:
-            self.imports.append(Import(
-                node.module,
-                alias.name,
-                alias.asname,
-            ))
-
-    def visit_FunctionDef(self, node):
-        func = Function(
-            node.name,
-        )
-
-        self._stack.append(func)
-        self.generic_visit(node)
-        self._stack.pop()
-
-        self.functions.append(func)
-
-    def visit_Expr(self, node):
-        self.generic_visit(node)
-
-    def visit_Call(self, node):
-        self.generic_visit(node)
-
-        func = self._stack[-1]
-        func.statements.append(
-            Statement('call', '$' + node.func.id)
-        )
-
-    def visit_BinOp(self, node):
-        self.generic_visit(node)
-
-        func = self._stack[-1]
-
-        if 'Add' == node.op.__class__.__name__:
-            func.statements.append(
-                Statement('i32.add')
-            )
-        elif 'Mult' == node.op.__class__.__name__:
-            func.statements.append(
-                Statement('i32.mul')
-            )
-        else:
-            err(node.op)
-
-    def visit_Constant(self, node):
-        if not self._stack:
-            # Constant outside of any function
-            imp = self.imports[-1]
-            prefix = imp.name + '('
-            val = node.value.strip()
-
-            if val.startswith(prefix) and val.endswith(')'):
-                imp.params = val[len(prefix):-1].split(',')
-        else:
-            func = self._stack[-1]
-            if isinstance(node.value, int):
-                func.statements.append(
-                    Statement('i32.const', str(node.value))
-                )
-
-        self.generic_visit(node)
-
-    def generate(self):
-        return '(module\n  {}\n  {})'.format(
-            '\n  '.join(x.generate() for x in self.imports),
-            '\n  '.join(x.generate() for x in self.functions),
-        )
-
-def err(msg: str) -> None:
-    sys.stderr.write('{}\n'.format(msg))
-
-def main(source: str) -> int:
-    with open(source, 'r') as fil:
-        code = fil.read()
-
-    res = ast.parse(code, source)
-
-    visitor = Visitor()
-    visitor.visit(res)
-
-    print(visitor.generate())
-
-    return 0
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    sys.exit(main(*sys.argv[1:]))

examples/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+*.py.html
+*.wasm
+*.wat
+*.wat.html

examples/buffer.html

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples - Buffer</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Buffer</h1>
+
+<a href="index.html">List</a> - <a href="buffer.py.html">Source</a> - <a href="buffer.wat.html">WebAssembly</a>
+
+<div style="white-space: pre;" id="results"></div>
+
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="./include.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+let importObject = {};
+
+// Run a single test
+function run_test(app, str)
+{
+  let offset = alloc_bytes(app, str);
+
+  let js_chars = [];
+  let wasm_chars = [];
+  for(let idx = 0; idx < str.length; ++idx) {
+    js_chars.push(str.charCodeAt(idx));
+    wasm_chars.push(app.instance.exports.index(offset, idx));
+  }
+
+  let result = js_chars.every(function(value, index) { return value === wasm_chars[index]})
+
+  test_result(result, {
+    'summary': 'js_chars == wasm_chars, for "' + str + '"',
+    'attributes': {
+      'js_chars': js_chars,
+      'wasm_chars': wasm_chars,
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('buffer.wasm'), importObject)
+  .then(app => {
+    run_test(app, '');
+    run_test(app, 'a');
+    run_test(app, 'Hello');
+    run_test(app, 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog');
+  });
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

examples/buffer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+@exported
+def index(inp: bytes, idx: u32) -> u8:
+    return inp[idx]
+
+@exported
+def length(inp: bytes) -> i32:
+    return len(inp)

examples/crc32.html

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples - CRC32</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Buffer</h1>
+
+<a href="index.html">List</a> - <a href="crc32.py.html">Source</a> - <a href="crc32.wat.html">WebAssembly</a><br />
+<br />
+Note: This tests performs some timing comparison, please wait a few seconds for the results.<br />
+<div style="white-space: pre;" id="results"></div>
+
+<h2>Measurement log</h2>
+<h3>AMD Ryzen 7 3700X 8-Core, Ubuntu 20.04, Linux 5.4.0-124-generic</h3>
+<table>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Test</td>
+    <td>Interpreter</td>
+    <td>Setup</td>
+    <td>WebAssembly</td>
+    <td>Javascript</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Chromium 104.0.5112.101</td>
+    <td>DevTools closed</td>
+    <td>9.35</td>
+    <td>12.56</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Chromium 104.0.5112.101</td>
+    <td>DevTools open</td>
+    <td>14.71</td>
+    <td>12.72</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Chromium 104.0.5112.101</td>
+    <td>Record page load</td>
+    <td>9.44</td>
+    <td>12.69</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Firefox 103</td>
+    <td>DevTools closed</td>
+    <td>9.02</td>
+    <td>5.86</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Firefox 103</td>
+    <td>DevTools open</td>
+    <td>9.01</td>
+    <td>5.83</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 65536</td>
+    <td>Firefox 103</td>
+    <td>Record page load</td>
+    <td>72.41</td>
+    <td>5.85</td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 1048576</td>
+    <td>Chromium 104.0.5112.101</td>
+    <td>DevTools closed</td>
+    <td>149.24</td>
+    <td>202.36</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Lynx * 1048576</td>
+    <td>Firefox 103</td>
+    <td>DevTools closed</td>
+    <td>145.01</td>
+    <td>91.44</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+Notes:<br />
+- Firefox seems faster than Chromium in my setup for Javascript, WebAssembly seems about the same.<br />
+- Having DevTools open in Chromium seems to slow down the WebAssembly by about 30%, but not when doing a recording of the page load.<br />
+- WebAssembly in Firefox seems to slow down when doing a recording of the page load, which makes sense, but the Javascript does not.<br />
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="./include.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+let importObject = {};
+
+// Build up a JS version
+var makeCRCTable = function(){
+    var c;
+    var crcTable = [];
+    for(var n =0; n < 256; n++){
+        c = n;
+        for(var k =0; k < 8; k++){
+            c = ((c&1) ? (0xEDB88320 ^ (c >>> 1)) : (c >>> 1));
+        }
+        crcTable[n] = c;
+    }
+    return crcTable;
+}
+
+window.crcTable = makeCRCTable();
+
+var crc32_js = function(i8arr) {
+    // console.log('crc32_js', i8arr.length);
+
+    var crcTable = window.crcTable;
+    var crc = 0 ^ (-1);
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < i8arr.length; i++ ) {
+        crc = (crc >>> 8) ^ crcTable[(crc ^ i8arr[i]) & 0xFF];
+    }
+
+    return (crc ^ (-1)) >>> 0;
+};
+
+// Run a single test
+function run_test(app, str, str_repeat)
+{
+  // Cast to Uint32 in Javascript
+  let crc32_wasm = function(offset) {
+    // console.log('crc32_wasm', str.length);
+    return app.instance.exports.crc32(offset) >>> 0;
+  };
+
+  let orig_str = str;
+  if( str_repeat ) {
+    str = str.repeat(str_repeat);
+  } else {
+    str_repeat = 1;
+  }
+
+  let data = Uint8Array.from(str.split('').map(x => x.charCodeAt()));
+
+  offset = alloc_bytes(app, data);
+
+  let tweak = () => {
+    data[0] = data[0] + 1;
+
+    let i8arr = new Uint8Array(app.instance.exports.memory.buffer, offset + 4, data.length);
+    i8arr[0] = i8arr[0] + 1;
+  };
+
+  let tweak_reset = () => {
+    data[0] = 'T'.charCodeAt(0);
+
+    let i8arr = new Uint8Array(app.instance.exports.memory.buffer, offset + 4, data.length);
+    i8arr[0] = 'T'.charCodeAt(0);
+  };
+
+  // Run once to get the result
+  // For some reason, the JS version takes 2ms on the first run
+  // let wasm_result = crc32_wasm(offset);
+  // let js_result = crc32_js(data);
+
+  let wasm_timing = run_times(100, () => crc32_wasm(offset));
+  let js_timing = run_times(100, () => crc32_js(data));
+
+  let wasm_time = wasm_timing.avg;
+  let js_time = js_timing.avg;
+
+  let check = wasm_timing.values.every(function(value, index) {
+      return value.result === js_timing.values[index].result;
+  });
+
+  // Don't test speedup for small strings, it varies a lot
+  let speedup = str.length < 16 ? 1 : (js_time == wasm_time ? 1 : js_time / wasm_time);
+
+  test_result(check && 0.999 < speedup, { // At least as fast as Javascript
+    'summary': 'crc32(' + (str
+      ? (str.length < 64 ? '"' + str + '"' : '"' + str.substring(0, 64) + '..." (' + str.length + ')')
+      : '""') + ')',
+    'attributes': {
+      'str': orig_str,
+      'str_repeat': str_repeat,
+      'wasm_timing': wasm_timing,
+      'js_timing': js_timing,
+      'check': check,
+      'speedup': speedup,
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+// Load WebAssembly, and run all tests
+WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('crc32.wasm'), importObject)
+  .then(app => {
+    app.instance.exports.memory.grow(640);
+
+    run_test(app, "");
+    run_test(app, "a");
+    run_test(app, "Z");
+    run_test(app, "ab");
+    run_test(app, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
+    run_test(app, "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
+    run_test(app, "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog", 1024);
+    run_test(app, "Lynx c.q. vos prikt bh: dag zwemjuf!", 1048576);
+  });
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

examples/crc32.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# #include <inttypes.h> // uint32_t, uint8_t
+#
+# uint32_t CRC32(const uint8_t data[], size_t data_length) {
+#   uint32_t crc32 = 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+#
+#   for (size_t i = 0; i < data_length; i++) {
+#     const uint32_t lookupIndex = (crc32 ^ data[i]) & 0xff;
+#     crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ CRCTable[lookupIndex];  // CRCTable is an array of 256 32-bit constants
+#   }
+#
+#   // Finalize the CRC-32 value by inverting all the bits
+#   crc32 ^= 0xFFFFFFFFu;
+#   return crc32;
+# }
+
+_CRC32_Table: u32[256] = (
+    0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xEE0E612C, 0x990951BA, 0x076DC419, 0x706AF48F, 0xE963A535, 0x9E6495A3,
+    0x0EDB8832, 0x79DCB8A4, 0xE0D5E91E, 0x97D2D988, 0x09B64C2B, 0x7EB17CBD, 0xE7B82D07, 0x90BF1D91,
+    0x1DB71064, 0x6AB020F2, 0xF3B97148, 0x84BE41DE, 0x1ADAD47D, 0x6DDDE4EB, 0xF4D4B551, 0x83D385C7,
+    0x136C9856, 0x646BA8C0, 0xFD62F97A, 0x8A65C9EC, 0x14015C4F, 0x63066CD9, 0xFA0F3D63, 0x8D080DF5,
+    0x3B6E20C8, 0x4C69105E, 0xD56041E4, 0xA2677172, 0x3C03E4D1, 0x4B04D447, 0xD20D85FD, 0xA50AB56B,
+    0x35B5A8FA, 0x42B2986C, 0xDBBBC9D6, 0xACBCF940, 0x32D86CE3, 0x45DF5C75, 0xDCD60DCF, 0xABD13D59,
+    0x26D930AC, 0x51DE003A, 0xC8D75180, 0xBFD06116, 0x21B4F4B5, 0x56B3C423, 0xCFBA9599, 0xB8BDA50F,
+    0x2802B89E, 0x5F058808, 0xC60CD9B2, 0xB10BE924, 0x2F6F7C87, 0x58684C11, 0xC1611DAB, 0xB6662D3D,
+    0x76DC4190, 0x01DB7106, 0x98D220BC, 0xEFD5102A, 0x71B18589, 0x06B6B51F, 0x9FBFE4A5, 0xE8B8D433,
+    0x7807C9A2, 0x0F00F934, 0x9609A88E, 0xE10E9818, 0x7F6A0DBB, 0x086D3D2D, 0x91646C97, 0xE6635C01,
+    0x6B6B51F4, 0x1C6C6162, 0x856530D8, 0xF262004E, 0x6C0695ED, 0x1B01A57B, 0x8208F4C1, 0xF50FC457,
+    0x65B0D9C6, 0x12B7E950, 0x8BBEB8EA, 0xFCB9887C, 0x62DD1DDF, 0x15DA2D49, 0x8CD37CF3, 0xFBD44C65,
+    0x4DB26158, 0x3AB551CE, 0xA3BC0074, 0xD4BB30E2, 0x4ADFA541, 0x3DD895D7, 0xA4D1C46D, 0xD3D6F4FB,
+    0x4369E96A, 0x346ED9FC, 0xAD678846, 0xDA60B8D0, 0x44042D73, 0x33031DE5, 0xAA0A4C5F, 0xDD0D7CC9,
+    0x5005713C, 0x270241AA, 0xBE0B1010, 0xC90C2086, 0x5768B525, 0x206F85B3, 0xB966D409, 0xCE61E49F,
+    0x5EDEF90E, 0x29D9C998, 0xB0D09822, 0xC7D7A8B4, 0x59B33D17, 0x2EB40D81, 0xB7BD5C3B, 0xC0BA6CAD,
+    0xEDB88320, 0x9ABFB3B6, 0x03B6E20C, 0x74B1D29A, 0xEAD54739, 0x9DD277AF, 0x04DB2615, 0x73DC1683,
+    0xE3630B12, 0x94643B84, 0x0D6D6A3E, 0x7A6A5AA8, 0xE40ECF0B, 0x9309FF9D, 0x0A00AE27, 0x7D079EB1,
+    0xF00F9344, 0x8708A3D2, 0x1E01F268, 0x6906C2FE, 0xF762575D, 0x806567CB, 0x196C3671, 0x6E6B06E7,
+    0xFED41B76, 0x89D32BE0, 0x10DA7A5A, 0x67DD4ACC, 0xF9B9DF6F, 0x8EBEEFF9, 0x17B7BE43, 0x60B08ED5,
+    0xD6D6A3E8, 0xA1D1937E, 0x38D8C2C4, 0x4FDFF252, 0xD1BB67F1, 0xA6BC5767, 0x3FB506DD, 0x48B2364B,
+    0xD80D2BDA, 0xAF0A1B4C, 0x36034AF6, 0x41047A60, 0xDF60EFC3, 0xA867DF55, 0x316E8EEF, 0x4669BE79,
+    0xCB61B38C, 0xBC66831A, 0x256FD2A0, 0x5268E236, 0xCC0C7795, 0xBB0B4703, 0x220216B9, 0x5505262F,
+    0xC5BA3BBE, 0xB2BD0B28, 0x2BB45A92, 0x5CB36A04, 0xC2D7FFA7, 0xB5D0CF31, 0x2CD99E8B, 0x5BDEAE1D,
+    0x9B64C2B0, 0xEC63F226, 0x756AA39C, 0x026D930A, 0x9C0906A9, 0xEB0E363F, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
+    0x95BF4A82, 0xE2B87A14, 0x7BB12BAE, 0x0CB61B38, 0x92D28E9B, 0xE5D5BE0D, 0x7CDCEFB7, 0x0BDBDF21,
+    0x86D3D2D4, 0xF1D4E242, 0x68DDB3F8, 0x1FDA836E, 0x81BE16CD, 0xF6B9265B, 0x6FB077E1, 0x18B74777,
+    0x88085AE6, 0xFF0F6A70, 0x66063BCA, 0x11010B5C, 0x8F659EFF, 0xF862AE69, 0x616BFFD3, 0x166CCF45,
+    0xA00AE278, 0xD70DD2EE, 0x4E048354, 0x3903B3C2, 0xA7672661, 0xD06016F7, 0x4969474D, 0x3E6E77DB,
+    0xAED16A4A, 0xD9D65ADC, 0x40DF0B66, 0x37D83BF0, 0xA9BCAE53, 0xDEBB9EC5, 0x47B2CF7F, 0x30B5FFE9,
+    0xBDBDF21C, 0xCABAC28A, 0x53B39330, 0x24B4A3A6, 0xBAD03605, 0xCDD70693, 0x54DE5729, 0x23D967BF,
+    0xB3667A2E, 0xC4614AB8, 0x5D681B02, 0x2A6F2B94, 0xB40BBE37, 0xC30C8EA1, 0x5A05DF1B, 0x2D02EF8D,
+)
+
+def _crc32_f(crc: u32, byt: u8) -> u32:
+    return (crc >> 8) ^ _CRC32_Table[(crc & 0xFF) ^ u32(byt)]
+
+@exported
+def crc32(data: bytes) -> u32:
+    return 0xFFFFFFFF ^ foldl(_crc32_f, 0xFFFFFFFF, data)

examples/fib.html

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples - Fibonacci</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Fibonacci</h1>
+
+<a href="index.html">List</a> - <a href="fib.py.html">Source</a> - <a href="fib.wat.html">WebAssembly</a>
+
+<div style="white-space: pre;" id="results"></div>
+
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="./include.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+let importObject = {};
+
+function run_test(app, number, expected)
+{
+  let actual = app.instance.exports.fib(BigInt(number));
+  console.log(actual);
+
+  test_result(BigInt(expected) == actual, {
+    'summary': 'fib(' + number + ')',
+    'attributes': {
+      'expected': expected,
+      'actual': actual
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('fib.wasm'), importObject)
+  .then(app => {
+    //  92:  7540113804746346429
+    // i64:  9223372036854775807
+    //  93: 12200160415121876738
+
+    run_test(app,  1, '1');
+    run_test(app,  2, '1');
+    run_test(app,  3, '2');
+    run_test(app,  4, '3');
+    run_test(app, 10, '55');
+    run_test(app, 20, '6765');
+    run_test(app, 30, '832040');
+    run_test(app, 40, '102334155');
+    run_test(app, 50, '12586269025');
+    run_test(app, 60, '1548008755920');
+    run_test(app, 70, '190392490709135');
+    run_test(app, 80, '23416728348467685');
+    run_test(app, 90, '2880067194370816120');
+    run_test(app, 92, '7540113804746346429');
+  });
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

examples/fib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+def helper(n: u64, a: u64, b: u64) -> u64:
+    if n < 1:
+        return a + b
+
+    return helper(n - 1, a + b, a)
+
+@exported
+def fib(n: u64) -> u64:
+    if n == 0:
+        return 0
+
+    if n == 1:
+        return 1
+
+    return helper(n - 1, 0, 1)
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u64:
+    return fib(40)

examples/fold.html

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples - Fold</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Fold</h1>
+
+<a href="index.html">List</a> - <a href="fold.py.html">Source</a> - <a href="fold.wat.html">WebAssembly</a>
+
+<div style="white-space: pre;" id="results"></div>
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="./include.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+let importObject = {};
+
+function run_test(app, data, expected)
+{
+  let offset = alloc_bytes(app, data);
+
+  let actual = app.instance.exports.foldl_u8_or_1(offset);
+
+  test_result(expected == actual, {
+    'summary': 'foldl(or, 1, [' + data + ']) == ' + expected,
+    'attributes': {
+      'data': data,
+      'expected': expected,
+      'offset': offset,
+      'actual': actual,
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+
+WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('fold.wasm'), importObject)
+  .then(app => {
+    run_test(app, [], 1);
+    run_test(app, [0x20], 0x21);
+    run_test(app, [0x20, 0x10], 0x31);
+    run_test(app, [0x20, 0x10, 0x08], 0x39);
+    run_test(app, [0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04], 0x3D);
+    run_test(app, [0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02], 0x3F);
+    run_test(app, [0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01], 0x3F);
+  });
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

examples/fold.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+def u8_or(l: u8, r: u8) -> u8:
+    return l | r
+
+@exported
+def foldl_u8_or_1(b: bytes) -> u8:
+    return foldl(u8_or, 1, b)

examples/imported.html

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples - Imported</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Imported</h1>
+
+<a href="index.html">List</a> - <a href="imported.py.html">Source</a> - <a href="imported.wat.html">WebAssembly</a>
+
+<div style="white-space: pre;" id="results"></div>
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="./include.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript">
+let importObject = {
+  'imports': {
+    'log': log,
+  }
+};
+
+let log_result = [];
+
+function log(inp)
+{
+  log_result.push(inp);
+}
+
+function run_test(app, a, b)
+{
+  log_result = [];
+
+  let expected = a * b;
+
+  app.instance.exports.mult_and_log(a, b);
+
+  let actual = log_result[0];
+
+  test_result(expected == actual, {
+    'summary': 'mult_and_log(' + a + ', ' + b + ') == ' + expected,
+    'attributes': {
+      'a': a,
+      'b': b,
+      'expected': expected,
+      'actual': actual,
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('imported.wasm'), importObject)
+  .then(app => {
+    run_test(app,  1,   1);
+    run_test(app,  3,   5);
+    run_test(app,  8,  19);
+    run_test(app, 12, 127);
+    run_test(app, 79, 193);
+  });
+</script>
+
+</body>
+</html>

examples/imported.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+@imported
+def log(no: i32) -> None:
+    pass
+
+@exported
+def mult_and_log(a: i32, b: i32) -> None:
+    return log(a * b)

examples/include.js

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+function alloc_bytes(app, data)
+{
+  let stdlib_types___alloc_bytes__ = app.instance.exports['stdlib.types.__alloc_bytes__']
+
+  if( typeof data == 'string' ) {
+    // TODO: Unicode
+    data = Uint8Array.from(data.split('').map(x => x.charCodeAt()));
+  }
+
+  let offset = stdlib_types___alloc_bytes__(data.length);
+  let i8arr = new Uint8Array(app.instance.exports.memory.buffer, offset + 4, data.length);
+  i8arr.set(data);
+
+  return offset;
+}
+
+function run_times(times, callback, tweak)
+{
+  let sum = 0;
+  let max = 0;
+  let min = 1000000000000000000;
+  let values = [];
+  for(let idx = 0; idx < times; idx += 1) {
+    if( tweak ) {
+      tweak();
+    }
+
+    const t0 = performance.now();
+    let result = callback();
+    const t1 = performance.now();
+    let time = t1 - t0;
+    sum += time;
+    values.push({'time': time, 'result': result});
+    max = max < time ? time : max;
+    min = min > time ? time : min;
+  }
+  return {
+    'min': min,
+    'avg': sum / times,
+    'max': max,
+    'sum': sum,
+    'values': values,
+  }
+}
+
+function test_result(is_pass, data)
+{
+  data = data || {};
+
+  let result_details = document.createElement('details');
+
+  let result_summary = document.createElement('summary');
+  result_summary.textContent =
+    (is_pass ? 'Test passed: ' : 'Test failed: ')
+    + (data.summary ?? '(no summary)')
+  ;
+  result_summary.setAttribute('style', is_pass ? 'background: green' : 'background: red');
+  result_details.appendChild(result_summary);
+
+  if( data.attributes ) {
+    result_table(data, result_details);
+  }
+
+  let results = document.getElementById('results');
+  results.appendChild(result_details);
+}
+
+function result_table(attributes, parent)
+{
+  let table = document.createElement('table');
+
+  Object.keys(attributes).forEach(idx => {
+    let td0 = document.createElement('td');
+    td0.setAttribute('style', 'vertical-align: top;');
+    td0.textContent = idx;
+    let td1 = document.createElement('td');
+    if( typeof(attributes[idx]) == 'object' ) {
+      let result_details = document.createElement('details');
+
+      let result_summary = document.createElement('summary');
+      result_summary.textContent = 'Show me';
+      result_details.appendChild(result_summary);
+
+      result_table(attributes[idx], result_details);
+
+      td1.appendChild(result_details);
+    } else {
+      td1.textContent = attributes[idx];
+    }
+
+    let tr = document.createElement('tr');
+    tr.appendChild(td0);
+    tr.appendChild(td1);
+
+    table.appendChild(tr);
+  });
+  parent.append(table);
+}

examples/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Examples</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Examples</h1>
+<h2>Standard</h2>
+<ul>
+  <li><a href="crc32.html">CRC32</a></li>
+  <li><a href="fib.html">Fibonacci</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h2>Technical</h2>
+<ul>
+  <li><a href="buffer.html">Buffer</a></li>
+  <li><a href="fold.html">Folding</a></li>
+  <li><a href="imported.html">Imported</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>

func.html

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-<!doctype html>
-
-<html>
-
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="utf-8">
-    <title>Simple add example</title>
-  </head>
-
-  <body>
-    <script>
-
-    WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('func.wasm'))
-    .then(obj => {
-       console.log(obj.instance.exports.add(1, 2));  // "3"
-    });
-    </script>
-  </body>
-
-</html>

log.html

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-<!doctype html>
-
-<html>
-
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="utf-8">
-    <title>Simple log example</title>
-  </head>
-
-  <body>
-    <script>
-
-    var importObject = {
-      console: {
-        log: function(arg) {
-          console.log(arg);
-        }
-      }
-    };
-
-    WebAssembly.instantiateStreaming(fetch('log.wasm'), importObject)
-      .then(obj => {
-        obj.instance.exports.logIt();
-      });
-
-    </script>
-  </body>
-
-</html>

log.py

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-from console import log as log
-"log(i32)"
-
-def logIt():
-    log(13 + 13 * 123)

mypy.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[mypy]
+mypy_path=stubs

phasm/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+Functions for using this module from CLI
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+from .parser import phasm_parse
+from .compiler import phasm_compile
+
+def main(source: str, sink: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Main method
+    """
+
+    with open(source, 'r') as fil:
+        code_py = fil.read()
+
+    our_module = phasm_parse(code_py)
+    wasm_module = phasm_compile(our_module)
+    code_wat = wasm_module.to_wat()
+
+    with open(sink, 'w') as fil:
+        fil.write(code_wat)
+
+    return 0
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(*sys.argv[1:])) # pylint: disable=E1120

phasm/codestyle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+"""
+This module generates source code based on the parsed AST
+
+It's intented to be a "any color, as long as it's black" kind of renderer
+"""
+from typing import Generator
+
+from . import ourlang
+from . import typing
+
+def phasm_render(inp: ourlang.Module) -> str:
+    """
+    Public method for rendering a Phasm module into Phasm code
+    """
+    return module(inp)
+
+Statements = Generator[str, None, None]
+
+def type_(inp: typing.TypeBase) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: Type (name)
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeNone):
+        return 'None'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeBool):
+        return 'bool'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt8):
+        return 'u8'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt32):
+        return 'u32'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt64):
+        return 'u64'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeInt32):
+        return 'i32'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeInt64):
+        return 'i64'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeFloat32):
+        return 'f32'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeFloat64):
+        return 'f64'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeBytes):
+        return 'bytes'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeTuple):
+        mems = ', '.join(
+            type_(x.type)
+            for x in inp.members
+        )
+
+        return f'({mems}, )'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeStaticArray):
+        return f'{type_(inp.member_type)}[{len(inp.members)}]'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeStruct):
+        return inp.name
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(type_, inp)
+
+def struct_definition(inp: typing.TypeStruct) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: TypeStruct's definition
+    """
+    result = f'class {inp.name}:\n'
+    for mem in inp.members:
+        result += f'    {mem.name}: {type_(mem.type)}\n'
+
+    return result
+
+def constant_definition(inp: ourlang.ModuleConstantDef) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: Module Constant's  definition
+    """
+    return f'{inp.name}: {type_(inp.type)} = {expression(inp.constant)}\n'
+
+def expression(inp: ourlang.Expression) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: A Phasm expression
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, (
+            ourlang.ConstantUInt8, ourlang.ConstantUInt32, ourlang.ConstantUInt64,
+            ourlang.ConstantInt32, ourlang.ConstantInt64,
+        )):
+        return str(inp.value)
+
+    if isinstance(inp, (ourlang.ConstantFloat32, ourlang.ConstantFloat64, )):
+        # These might not round trip if the original constant
+        # could not fit in the given float type
+        return str(inp.value)
+
+    if isinstance(inp, (ourlang.ConstantTuple, ourlang.ConstantStaticArray, )):
+        return '(' + ', '.join(
+            expression(x)
+            for x in inp.value
+        ) + ', )'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.VariableReference):
+        return str(inp.name)
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.UnaryOp):
+        if (
+            inp.operator in ourlang.WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS
+            or inp.operator in ourlang.WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_BYTES_OPS):
+            return f'{inp.operator}({expression(inp.right)})'
+
+        if inp.operator == 'cast':
+            return f'{type_(inp.type)}({expression(inp.right)})'
+
+        return f'{inp.operator}{expression(inp.right)}'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.BinaryOp):
+        return f'{expression(inp.left)} {inp.operator} {expression(inp.right)}'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.FunctionCall):
+        args = ', '.join(
+            expression(arg)
+            for arg in inp.arguments
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(inp.function, ourlang.StructConstructor):
+            return f'{inp.function.struct.name}({args})'
+
+        if isinstance(inp.function, ourlang.TupleConstructor):
+            return f'({args}, )'
+
+        return f'{inp.function.name}({args})'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessBytesIndex):
+        return f'{expression(inp.varref)}[{expression(inp.index)}]'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessStructMember):
+        return f'{expression(inp.varref)}.{inp.member.name}'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, (ourlang.AccessTupleMember, ourlang.AccessStaticArrayMember, )):
+        if isinstance(inp.member, ourlang.Expression):
+            return f'{expression(inp.varref)}[{expression(inp.member)}]'
+
+        return f'{expression(inp.varref)}[{inp.member.idx}]'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.Fold):
+        fold_name = 'foldl' if ourlang.Fold.Direction.LEFT == inp.dir else 'foldr'
+        return f'{fold_name}({inp.func.name}, {expression(inp.base)}, {expression(inp.iter)})'
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ModuleConstantReference):
+        return inp.definition.name
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp)
+
+def statement(inp: ourlang.Statement) -> Statements:
+    """
+    Render: A list of Phasm statements
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementPass):
+        yield 'pass'
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementReturn):
+        yield f'return {expression(inp.value)}'
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementIf):
+        yield f'if {expression(inp.test)}:'
+
+        for stmt in inp.statements:
+            for line in statement(stmt):
+                yield f'    {line}' if line else ''
+
+        yield ''
+        return
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(statement, inp)
+
+def function(inp: ourlang.Function) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: Function body
+
+    Imported functions only have "pass" as a body. Later on we might replace
+    this by the function documentation, if any.
+    """
+    result = ''
+    if inp.exported:
+        result += '@exported\n'
+    if inp.imported:
+        result += '@imported\n'
+
+    args = ', '.join(
+        f'{x}: {type_(y)}'
+        for x, y in inp.posonlyargs
+    )
+
+    result += f'def {inp.name}({args}) -> {type_(inp.returns)}:\n'
+
+    if inp.imported:
+        result += '    pass\n'
+    else:
+        for stmt in inp.statements:
+            for line in statement(stmt):
+                result += f'    {line}\n' if line else '\n'
+
+    return result
+
+
+def module(inp: ourlang.Module) -> str:
+    """
+    Render: Module
+    """
+    result = ''
+
+    for struct in inp.structs.values():
+        if result:
+            result += '\n'
+        result += struct_definition(struct)
+
+    for cdef in inp.constant_defs.values():
+        if result:
+            result += '\n'
+        result += constant_definition(cdef)
+
+    for func in inp.functions.values():
+        if func.lineno < 0:
+            # Buildin (-2) or auto generated (-1)
+            continue
+
+        if result:
+            result += '\n'
+        result += function(func)
+
+    return result

phasm/compiler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,669 @@
+"""
+This module contains the code to convert parsed Ourlang into WebAssembly code
+"""
+import struct
+
+from . import codestyle
+from . import ourlang
+from . import typing
+from . import wasm
+
+from .stdlib import alloc as stdlib_alloc
+from .stdlib import types as stdlib_types
+from .wasmgenerator import Generator as WasmGenerator
+
+LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP = {
+    typing.TypeUInt8: 'i32',
+    typing.TypeUInt32: 'i32',
+    typing.TypeUInt64: 'i64',
+    typing.TypeInt32: 'i32',
+    typing.TypeInt64: 'i64',
+    typing.TypeFloat32: 'f32',
+    typing.TypeFloat64: 'f64',
+}
+"""
+When generating code, we sometimes need to load or store simple values
+"""
+
+def phasm_compile(inp: ourlang.Module) -> wasm.Module:
+    """
+    Public method for compiling a parsed Phasm module into
+    a WebAssembly module
+    """
+    return module(inp)
+
+def type_(inp: typing.TypeBase) -> wasm.WasmType:
+    """
+    Compile: type
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeNone):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeNone()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt8):
+        # WebAssembly has only support for 32 and 64 bits
+        # So we need to store more memory per byte
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt32()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt32):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt32()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeUInt64):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt64()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeInt32):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt32()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeInt64):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt64()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeFloat32):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeFloat32()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, typing.TypeFloat64):
+        return wasm.WasmTypeFloat64()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, (typing.TypeStruct, typing.TypeTuple, typing.TypeStaticArray, typing.TypeBytes)):
+        # Structs and tuples are passed as pointer
+        # And pointers are i32
+        return wasm.WasmTypeInt32()
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(type_, inp)
+
+# Operators that work for i32, i64, f32, f64
+OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    '+': 'add',
+    '-': 'sub',
+    '*': 'mul',
+    '==': 'eq',
+}
+
+U8_OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    # Under the hood, this is an i32
+    # Implementing Right Shift XOR, OR, AND is fine since the 3 remaining
+    # bytes stay zero after this operation
+    # Since it's unsigned an unsigned value, Logical or Arithmetic shift right
+    # are the same operation
+    '>>': 'shr_u',
+    '^': 'xor',
+    '|': 'or',
+    '&': 'and',
+}
+
+U32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    '<': 'lt_u',
+    '>': 'gt_u',
+    '<=': 'le_u',
+    '>=': 'ge_u',
+    '<<': 'shl',
+    '>>': 'shr_u',
+    '^': 'xor',
+    '|': 'or',
+    '&': 'and',
+}
+
+U64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    '<': 'lt_u',
+    '>': 'gt_u',
+    '<=': 'le_u',
+    '>=': 'ge_u',
+    '<<': 'shl',
+    '>>': 'shr_u',
+    '^': 'xor',
+    '|': 'or',
+    '&': 'and',
+}
+
+I32_OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    '<': 'lt_s',
+    '>': 'gt_s',
+    '<=': 'le_s',
+    '>=': 'ge_s',
+}
+
+I64_OPERATOR_MAP = {
+    '<': 'lt_s',
+    '>': 'gt_s',
+    '<=': 'le_s',
+    '>=': 'ge_s',
+}
+
+def expression(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Expression) -> None:
+    """
+    Compile: Any expression
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantUInt8):
+        wgn.i32.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantUInt32):
+        wgn.i32.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantUInt64):
+        wgn.i64.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantInt32):
+        wgn.i32.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantInt64):
+        wgn.i64.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantFloat32):
+        wgn.f32.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ConstantFloat64):
+        wgn.f64.const(inp.value)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.VariableReference):
+        wgn.add_statement('local.get', '${}'.format(inp.name))
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.BinaryOp):
+        expression(wgn, inp.left)
+        expression(wgn, inp.right)
+
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeUInt8):
+            if operator := U8_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeUInt32):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
+                return
+            if operator := U32_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeUInt64):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
+                return
+            if operator := U64_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeInt32):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
+                return
+            if operator := I32_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i32.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeInt64):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
+                return
+            if operator := I64_OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'i64.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeFloat32):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'f32.{operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeFloat64):
+            if operator := OPERATOR_MAP.get(inp.operator, None):
+                wgn.add_statement(f'f64.{operator}')
+                return
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp.type, inp.operator)
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.UnaryOp):
+        expression(wgn, inp.right)
+
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeFloat32):
+            if inp.operator in ourlang.WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS:
+                wgn.add_statement(f'f32.{inp.operator}')
+                return
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeFloat64):
+            if inp.operator in ourlang.WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS:
+                wgn.add_statement(f'f64.{inp.operator}')
+                return
+
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeInt32):
+            if inp.operator == 'len':
+                if isinstance(inp.right.type, typing.TypeBytes):
+                    wgn.i32.load()
+                    return
+
+        if inp.operator == 'cast':
+            if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeUInt32) and isinstance(inp.right.type, typing.TypeUInt8):
+                # Nothing to do, you can use an u8 value as a u32 no problem
+                return
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp.type, inp.operator)
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.FunctionCall):
+        for arg in inp.arguments:
+            expression(wgn, arg)
+
+        wgn.add_statement('call', '${}'.format(inp.function.name))
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessBytesIndex):
+        if not isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeUInt8):
+            raise NotImplementedError(inp, inp.type)
+
+        expression(wgn, inp.varref)
+        expression(wgn, inp.index)
+        wgn.call(stdlib_types.__subscript_bytes__)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessStructMember):
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(inp.member.type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of struct or tuples
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.member)
+
+        expression(wgn, inp.varref)
+        wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.load', 'offset=' + str(inp.member.offset))
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessTupleMember):
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(inp.member.type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of struct or tuples
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.member)
+
+        expression(wgn, inp.varref)
+        wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.load', 'offset=' + str(inp.member.offset))
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.AccessStaticArrayMember):
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(inp.static_array.member_type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of static arrays
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.member)
+
+        if isinstance(inp.member, typing.TypeStaticArrayMember):
+            expression(wgn, inp.varref)
+            wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.load', 'offset=' + str(inp.member.offset))
+            return
+
+        expression(wgn, inp.varref)
+        expression(wgn, inp.member)
+        wgn.i32.const(inp.static_array.member_type.alloc_size())
+        wgn.i32.mul()
+        wgn.i32.add()
+        wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.load')
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.Fold):
+        expression_fold(wgn, inp)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.ModuleConstantReference):
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeTuple):
+            assert isinstance(inp.definition.constant, ourlang.ConstantTuple)
+            assert inp.definition.data_block is not None, 'Combined values are memory stored'
+            assert inp.definition.data_block.address is not None, 'Value not allocated'
+            wgn.i32.const(inp.definition.data_block.address)
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(inp.type, typing.TypeStaticArray):
+            assert isinstance(inp.definition.constant, ourlang.ConstantStaticArray)
+            assert inp.definition.data_block is not None, 'Combined values are memory stored'
+            assert inp.definition.data_block.address is not None, 'Value not allocated'
+            wgn.i32.const(inp.definition.data_block.address)
+            return
+
+        assert inp.definition.data_block is None, 'Primitives are not memory stored'
+
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(inp.type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of struct or tuples
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.type)
+
+        expression(wgn, inp.definition.constant)
+        return
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp)
+
+def expression_fold(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Fold) -> None:
+    """
+    Compile: Fold expression
+    """
+    mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(inp.base.type.__class__)
+    if mtyp is None:
+        # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+        # as members of struct or tuples
+        raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.base)
+
+    if inp.iter.type.__class__.__name__ != 'TypeBytes':
+        raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, inp.iter.type)
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='acu :: u8')
+    acu_var = wgn.temp_var_u8(f'fold_{codestyle.type_(inp.type)}_acu')
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='adr :: bytes*')
+    adr_var = wgn.temp_var_i32('fold_i32_adr')
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='len :: i32')
+    len_var = wgn.temp_var_i32('fold_i32_len')
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='acu = base')
+    expression(wgn, inp.base)
+    wgn.local.set(acu_var)
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='adr = adr(iter)')
+    expression(wgn, inp.iter)
+    wgn.local.set(adr_var)
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='len = len(iter)')
+    wgn.local.get(adr_var)
+    wgn.i32.load()
+    wgn.local.set(len_var)
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='i = 0')
+    idx_var = wgn.temp_var_i32(f'fold_{codestyle.type_(inp.type)}_idx')
+    wgn.i32.const(0)
+    wgn.local.set(idx_var)
+
+    wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='if i < len')
+    wgn.local.get(idx_var)
+    wgn.local.get(len_var)
+    wgn.i32.lt_u()
+    with wgn.if_():
+        wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='while True')
+        with wgn.loop():
+            wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='acu = func(acu, iter[i])')
+            wgn.local.get(acu_var)
+            wgn.local.get(adr_var)
+            wgn.local.get(idx_var)
+            wgn.call(stdlib_types.__subscript_bytes__)
+            wgn.add_statement('call', f'${inp.func.name}')
+            wgn.local.set(acu_var)
+
+            wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='i = i + 1')
+            wgn.local.get(idx_var)
+            wgn.i32.const(1)
+            wgn.i32.add()
+            wgn.local.set(idx_var)
+
+            wgn.add_statement('nop', comment='if i >= len: break')
+            wgn.local.get(idx_var)
+            wgn.local.get(len_var)
+            wgn.i32.lt_u()
+            wgn.br_if(0)
+
+    # return acu
+    wgn.local.get(acu_var)
+
+def statement_return(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.StatementReturn) -> None:
+    """
+    Compile: Return statement
+    """
+    expression(wgn, inp.value)
+    wgn.return_()
+
+def statement_if(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.StatementIf) -> None:
+    """
+    Compile: If statement
+    """
+    expression(wgn, inp.test)
+    with wgn.if_():
+        for stat in inp.statements:
+            statement(wgn, stat)
+
+        if inp.else_statements:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+            # yield wasm.Statement('else')
+            # for stat in inp.else_statements:
+            #     statement(wgn, stat)
+
+def statement(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.Statement) -> None:
+    """
+    Compile: any statement
+    """
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementReturn):
+        statement_return(wgn, inp)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementIf):
+        statement_if(wgn, inp)
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.StatementPass):
+        return
+
+    raise NotImplementedError(statement, inp)
+
+def function_argument(inp: ourlang.FunctionParam) -> wasm.Param:
+    """
+    Compile: function argument
+    """
+    return (inp[0], type_(inp[1]), )
+
+def import_(inp: ourlang.Function) -> wasm.Import:
+    """
+    Compile: imported function
+    """
+    assert inp.imported
+
+    return wasm.Import(
+        'imports',
+        inp.name,
+        inp.name,
+        [
+            function_argument(x)
+            for x in inp.posonlyargs
+        ],
+        type_(inp.returns)
+    )
+
+def function(inp: ourlang.Function) -> wasm.Function:
+    """
+    Compile: function
+    """
+    assert not inp.imported
+
+    wgn = WasmGenerator()
+
+    if isinstance(inp, ourlang.TupleConstructor):
+        _generate_tuple_constructor(wgn, inp)
+    elif isinstance(inp, ourlang.StructConstructor):
+        _generate_struct_constructor(wgn, inp)
+    else:
+        for stat in inp.statements:
+            statement(wgn, stat)
+
+    return wasm.Function(
+        inp.name,
+        inp.name if inp.exported else None,
+        [
+            function_argument(x)
+            for x in inp.posonlyargs
+        ],
+        [
+            (k, v.wasm_type(), )
+            for k, v in wgn.locals.items()
+        ],
+        type_(inp.returns),
+        wgn.statements
+    )
+
+def module_data_u8(inp: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, u8 value
+
+    # FIXME: All u8 values are stored as u32
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<i', inp) # Should be B
+
+def module_data_u32(inp: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, u32 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<I', inp)
+
+def module_data_u64(inp: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, u64 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<Q', inp)
+
+def module_data_i32(inp: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, i32 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<i', inp)
+
+def module_data_i64(inp: int) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, i64 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<q', inp)
+
+def module_data_f32(inp: float) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, f32 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<f', inp)
+
+def module_data_f64(inp: float) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data, f64 value
+    """
+    return struct.pack('<d', inp)
+
+def module_data(inp: ourlang.ModuleData) -> bytes:
+    """
+    Compile: module data
+    """
+    unalloc_ptr = stdlib_alloc.UNALLOC_PTR
+
+    allocated_data = b''
+
+    for block in inp.blocks:
+        block.address = unalloc_ptr + 4 # 4 bytes for allocator header
+
+        data_list = []
+
+        for constant in block.data:
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantUInt8):
+                data_list.append(module_data_u8(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantUInt32):
+                data_list.append(module_data_u32(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantUInt64):
+                data_list.append(module_data_u64(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantInt32):
+                data_list.append(module_data_i32(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantInt64):
+                data_list.append(module_data_i64(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantFloat32):
+                data_list.append(module_data_f32(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            if isinstance(constant, ourlang.ConstantFloat64):
+                data_list.append(module_data_f64(constant.value))
+                continue
+
+            raise NotImplementedError(constant)
+
+        block_data = b''.join(data_list)
+
+        allocated_data += module_data_u32(len(block_data)) + block_data
+
+        unalloc_ptr += 4 + len(block_data)
+
+    return (
+        # Store that we've initialized the memory
+        module_data_u32(stdlib_alloc.IDENTIFIER)
+        # Store the first reserved i32
+        + module_data_u32(0)
+        # Store the pointer towards the first free block
+        # In this case, 0 since we haven't freed any blocks yet
+        + module_data_u32(0)
+        # Store the pointer towards the first unallocated block
+        # In this case the end of the stdlib.alloc header at the start
+        + module_data_u32(unalloc_ptr)
+        # Store the actual data
+        + allocated_data
+    )
+
+def module(inp: ourlang.Module) -> wasm.Module:
+    """
+    Compile: module
+    """
+    result = wasm.Module()
+
+    result.memory.data = module_data(inp.data)
+
+    result.imports = [
+        import_(x)
+        for x in inp.functions.values()
+        if x.imported
+    ]
+
+    result.functions = [
+        stdlib_alloc.__find_free_block__,
+        stdlib_alloc.__alloc__,
+        stdlib_types.__alloc_bytes__,
+        stdlib_types.__subscript_bytes__,
+    ] + [
+        function(x)
+        for x in inp.functions.values()
+        if not x.imported
+    ]
+
+    return result
+
+def _generate_tuple_constructor(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.TupleConstructor) -> None:
+    tmp_var = wgn.temp_var_i32('tuple_adr')
+
+    # Allocated the required amounts of bytes in memory
+    wgn.i32.const(inp.tuple.alloc_size())
+    wgn.call(stdlib_alloc.__alloc__)
+    wgn.local.set(tmp_var)
+
+    # Store each member individually
+    for member in inp.tuple.members:
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(member.type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of struct or tuples
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, member)
+
+        wgn.local.get(tmp_var)
+        wgn.add_statement('local.get', f'$arg{member.idx}')
+        wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.store', 'offset=' + str(member.offset))
+
+    # Return the allocated address
+    wgn.local.get(tmp_var)
+
+def _generate_struct_constructor(wgn: WasmGenerator, inp: ourlang.StructConstructor) -> None:
+    tmp_var = wgn.temp_var_i32('struct_adr')
+
+    # Allocated the required amounts of bytes in memory
+    wgn.i32.const(inp.struct.alloc_size())
+    wgn.call(stdlib_alloc.__alloc__)
+    wgn.local.set(tmp_var)
+
+    # Store each member individually
+    for member in inp.struct.members:
+        mtyp = LOAD_STORE_TYPE_MAP.get(member.type.__class__)
+        if mtyp is None:
+            # In the future might extend this by having structs or tuples
+            # as members of struct or tuples
+            raise NotImplementedError(expression, inp, member)
+
+        wgn.local.get(tmp_var)
+        wgn.add_statement('local.get', f'${member.name}')
+        wgn.add_statement(f'{mtyp}.store', 'offset=' + str(member.offset))
+
+    # Return the allocated address
+    wgn.local.get(tmp_var)

phasm/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+"""
+Exceptions for the phasm compiler
+"""
+
+class StaticError(Exception):
+    """
+    An error found during static analysis
+    """

phasm/ourlang.py

@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+"""
+Contains the syntax tree for ourlang
+"""
+from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional, Union
+
+import enum
+
+from typing_extensions import Final
+
+WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS: Final = ('abs', 'sqrt', 'ceil', 'floor', 'trunc', 'nearest', )
+WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_BYTES_OPS: Final = ('len', )
+
+from .typing import (
+    TypeBase,
+    TypeNone,
+    TypeBool,
+    TypeUInt8, TypeUInt32, TypeUInt64,
+    TypeInt32, TypeInt64,
+    TypeFloat32, TypeFloat64,
+    TypeBytes,
+    TypeTuple, TypeTupleMember,
+    TypeStaticArray, TypeStaticArrayMember,
+    TypeStruct, TypeStructMember,
+)
+
+class Expression:
+    """
+    An expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('type', )
+
+    type: TypeBase
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase) -> None:
+        self.type = type_
+
+class Constant(Expression):
+    """
+    An constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class ConstantUInt8(Constant):
+    """
+    An UInt8 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: int
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeUInt8, value: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantUInt32(Constant):
+    """
+    An UInt32 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: int
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeUInt32, value: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantUInt64(Constant):
+    """
+    An UInt64 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: int
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeUInt64, value: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantInt32(Constant):
+    """
+    An Int32 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: int
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeInt32, value: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantInt64(Constant):
+    """
+    An Int64 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: int
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeInt64, value: int) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantFloat32(Constant):
+    """
+    An Float32 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: float
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeFloat32, value: float) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantFloat64(Constant):
+    """
+    An Float64 constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: float
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeFloat64, value: float) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantTuple(Constant):
+    """
+    A Tuple constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: List[Constant]
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeTuple, value: List[Constant]) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class ConstantStaticArray(Constant):
+    """
+    A StaticArray constant value expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    value: List[Constant]
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeStaticArray, value: List[Constant]) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.value = value
+
+class VariableReference(Expression):
+    """
+    An variable reference expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('name', )
+
+    name: str
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase, name: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.name = name
+
+class UnaryOp(Expression):
+    """
+    A unary operator expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('operator', 'right', )
+
+    operator: str
+    right: Expression
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase, operator: str, right: Expression) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+
+        self.operator = operator
+        self.right = right
+
+class BinaryOp(Expression):
+    """
+    A binary operator expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('operator', 'left', 'right', )
+
+    operator: str
+    left: Expression
+    right: Expression
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase, operator: str, left: Expression, right: Expression) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+
+        self.operator = operator
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+class FunctionCall(Expression):
+    """
+    A function call expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('function', 'arguments', )
+
+    function: 'Function'
+    arguments: List[Expression]
+
+    def __init__(self, function: 'Function') -> None:
+        super().__init__(function.returns)
+
+        self.function = function
+        self.arguments = []
+
+class AccessBytesIndex(Expression):
+    """
+    Access a bytes index for reading
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('varref', 'index', )
+
+    varref: VariableReference
+    index: Expression
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase, varref: VariableReference, index: Expression) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+
+        self.varref = varref
+        self.index = index
+
+class AccessStructMember(Expression):
+    """
+    Access a struct member for reading of writing
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('varref', 'member', )
+
+    varref: VariableReference
+    member: TypeStructMember
+
+    def __init__(self, varref: VariableReference,  member: TypeStructMember) -> None:
+        super().__init__(member.type)
+
+        self.varref = varref
+        self.member = member
+
+class AccessTupleMember(Expression):
+    """
+    Access a tuple member for reading of writing
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('varref', 'member', )
+
+    varref: VariableReference
+    member: TypeTupleMember
+
+    def __init__(self, varref: VariableReference, member: TypeTupleMember, ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(member.type)
+
+        self.varref = varref
+        self.member = member
+
+class AccessStaticArrayMember(Expression):
+    """
+    Access a tuple member for reading of writing
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('varref', 'static_array', 'member', )
+
+    varref: Union['ModuleConstantReference', VariableReference]
+    static_array: TypeStaticArray
+    member: Union[Expression, TypeStaticArrayMember]
+
+    def __init__(self, varref: Union['ModuleConstantReference', VariableReference], static_array: TypeStaticArray, member: Union[TypeStaticArrayMember, Expression], ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(static_array.member_type)
+
+        self.varref = varref
+        self.static_array = static_array
+        self.member = member
+
+class Fold(Expression):
+    """
+    A (left or right) fold
+    """
+    class Direction(enum.Enum):
+        """
+        Which direction to fold in
+        """
+        LEFT = 0
+        RIGHT = 1
+
+    dir: Direction
+    func: 'Function'
+    base: Expression
+    iter: Expression
+
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            type_: TypeBase,
+            dir_: Direction,
+            func: 'Function',
+            base: Expression,
+            iter_: Expression,
+        ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+
+        self.dir = dir_
+        self.func = func
+        self.base = base
+        self.iter = iter_
+
+class ModuleConstantReference(Expression):
+    """
+    An reference to a module constant expression within a statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('definition', )
+
+    definition: 'ModuleConstantDef'
+
+    def __init__(self, type_: TypeBase, definition: 'ModuleConstantDef') -> None:
+        super().__init__(type_)
+        self.definition = definition
+
+class Statement:
+    """
+    A statement within a function
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class StatementPass(Statement):
+    """
+    A pass statement
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class StatementReturn(Statement):
+    """
+    A return statement within a function
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('value', )
+
+    def __init__(self, value: Expression) -> None:
+        self.value = value
+
+class StatementIf(Statement):
+    """
+    An if statement within a function
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('test', 'statements', 'else_statements', )
+
+    test: Expression
+    statements: List[Statement]
+    else_statements: List[Statement]
+
+    def __init__(self, test: Expression) -> None:
+        self.test = test
+        self.statements = []
+        self.else_statements = []
+
+FunctionParam = Tuple[str, TypeBase]
+
+class Function:
+    """
+    A function processes input and produces output
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'lineno', 'exported', 'imported', 'statements', 'returns', 'posonlyargs', )
+
+    name: str
+    lineno: int
+    exported: bool
+    imported: bool
+    statements: List[Statement]
+    returns: TypeBase
+    posonlyargs: List[FunctionParam]
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, lineno: int) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.exported = False
+        self.imported = False
+        self.statements = []
+        self.returns = TypeNone()
+        self.posonlyargs = []
+
+class StructConstructor(Function):
+    """
+    The constructor method for a struct
+
+    A function will generated to instantiate a struct. The arguments
+    will be the defaults
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('struct', )
+
+    struct: TypeStruct
+
+    def __init__(self, struct: TypeStruct) -> None:
+        super().__init__(f'@{struct.name}@__init___@', -1)
+
+        self.returns = struct
+
+        for mem in struct.members:
+            self.posonlyargs.append((mem.name, mem.type, ))
+
+        self.struct = struct
+
+class TupleConstructor(Function):
+    """
+    The constructor method for a tuple
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('tuple', )
+
+    tuple: TypeTuple
+
+    def __init__(self, tuple_: TypeTuple) -> None:
+        name = tuple_.render_internal_name()
+
+        super().__init__(f'@{name}@__init___@', -1)
+
+        self.returns = tuple_
+
+        for mem in tuple_.members:
+            self.posonlyargs.append((f'arg{mem.idx}', mem.type, ))
+
+        self.tuple = tuple_
+
+class ModuleConstantDef:
+    """
+    A constant definition within a module
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'lineno', 'type', 'constant', 'data_block', )
+
+    name: str
+    lineno: int
+    type: TypeBase
+    constant: Constant
+    data_block: Optional['ModuleDataBlock']
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, lineno: int, type_: TypeBase, constant: Constant, data_block: Optional['ModuleDataBlock']) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.type = type_
+        self.constant = constant
+        self.data_block = data_block
+
+class ModuleDataBlock:
+    """
+    A single allocated block for module data
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('data', 'address', )
+
+    data: List[Constant]
+    address: Optional[int]
+
+    def __init__(self, data: List[Constant]) -> None:
+        self.data = data
+        self.address = None
+
+class ModuleData:
+    """
+    The data for when a module is loaded into memory
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('blocks', )
+
+    blocks: List[ModuleDataBlock]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.blocks = []
+
+class Module:
+    """
+    A module is a file and consists of functions
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('data', 'types',  'structs', 'constant_defs', 'functions',)
+
+    data: ModuleData
+    types: Dict[str, TypeBase]
+    structs: Dict[str, TypeStruct]
+    constant_defs: Dict[str, ModuleConstantDef]
+    functions: Dict[str, Function]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.types = {
+            'None': TypeNone(),
+            'u8': TypeUInt8(),
+            'u32': TypeUInt32(),
+            'u64': TypeUInt64(),
+            'i32': TypeInt32(),
+            'i64': TypeInt64(),
+            'f32': TypeFloat32(),
+            'f64': TypeFloat64(),
+            'bytes': TypeBytes(),
+        }
+        self.data = ModuleData()
+        self.structs = {}
+        self.constant_defs = {}
+        self.functions = {}

phasm/parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,844 @@
+"""
+Parses the source code from the plain text into a syntax tree
+"""
+from typing import Any, Dict, NoReturn, Union
+
+import ast
+
+from .typing import (
+    TypeBase,
+    TypeUInt8,
+    TypeUInt32,
+    TypeUInt64,
+    TypeInt32,
+    TypeInt64,
+    TypeFloat32,
+    TypeFloat64,
+    TypeBytes,
+    TypeStruct,
+    TypeStructMember,
+    TypeTuple,
+    TypeTupleMember,
+    TypeStaticArray,
+    TypeStaticArrayMember,
+)
+
+from . import codestyle
+from .exceptions import StaticError
+from .ourlang import (
+    WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS,
+
+    Module, ModuleDataBlock,
+    Function,
+
+    Expression,
+    AccessBytesIndex, AccessStructMember, AccessTupleMember, AccessStaticArrayMember,
+    BinaryOp,
+    Constant,
+    ConstantFloat32, ConstantFloat64, ConstantInt32, ConstantInt64,
+    ConstantUInt8, ConstantUInt32, ConstantUInt64,
+    ConstantTuple, ConstantStaticArray,
+
+    FunctionCall,
+    StructConstructor, TupleConstructor,
+    UnaryOp, VariableReference,
+
+    Fold, ModuleConstantReference,
+
+    Statement,
+    StatementIf, StatementPass, StatementReturn,
+
+    ModuleConstantDef,
+)
+
+def phasm_parse(source: str) -> Module:
+    """
+    Public method for parsing Phasm code into a Phasm Module
+    """
+    res = ast.parse(source, '')
+
+    our_visitor = OurVisitor()
+    return our_visitor.visit_Module(res)
+
+OurLocals = Dict[str, TypeBase]
+
+class OurVisitor:
+    """
+    Class to visit a Python syntax tree and create an ourlang syntax tree
+
+    We're (ab)using the Python AST parser to give us a leg up
+
+    At some point, we may deviate from Python syntax. If nothing else,
+    we probably won't keep up with the Python syntax changes.
+    """
+
+    # pylint: disable=C0103,C0116,C0301,R0201,R0912
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def visit_Module(self, node: ast.Module) -> Module:
+        module = Module()
+
+        _not_implemented(not node.type_ignores, 'Module.type_ignores')
+
+        # Second pass for the types
+
+        for stmt in node.body:
+            res = self.pre_visit_Module_stmt(module, stmt)
+
+            if isinstance(res, ModuleConstantDef):
+                if res.name in module.constant_defs:
+                    raise StaticError(
+                        f'{res.name} already defined on line {module.constant_defs[res.name].lineno}'
+                    )
+
+                module.constant_defs[res.name] = res
+
+            if isinstance(res, TypeStruct):
+                if res.name in module.structs:
+                    raise StaticError(
+                        f'{res.name} already defined on line {module.structs[res.name].lineno}'
+                    )
+
+                module.structs[res.name] = res
+                constructor = StructConstructor(res)
+                module.functions[constructor.name] = constructor
+
+            if isinstance(res, Function):
+                if res.name in module.functions:
+                    raise StaticError(
+                        f'{res.name} already defined on line {module.functions[res.name].lineno}'
+                    )
+
+                module.functions[res.name] = res
+
+        # Second pass for the function bodies
+
+        for stmt in node.body:
+            self.visit_Module_stmt(module, stmt)
+
+        return module
+
+    def pre_visit_Module_stmt(self, module: Module, node: ast.stmt) -> Union[Function, TypeStruct, ModuleConstantDef]:
+        if isinstance(node, ast.FunctionDef):
+            return self.pre_visit_Module_FunctionDef(module, node)
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.ClassDef):
+            return self.pre_visit_Module_ClassDef(module, node)
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.AnnAssign):
+            return self.pre_visit_Module_AnnAssign(module, node)
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} on Module')
+
+    def pre_visit_Module_FunctionDef(self, module: Module, node: ast.FunctionDef) -> Function:
+        function = Function(node.name, node.lineno)
+
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.posonlyargs, 'FunctionDef.args.posonlyargs')
+
+        for arg in node.args.args:
+            if not arg.annotation:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Type is required')
+
+            function.posonlyargs.append((
+                arg.arg,
+                self.visit_type(module, arg.annotation),
+            ))
+
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.vararg, 'FunctionDef.args.vararg')
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.kwonlyargs, 'FunctionDef.args.kwonlyargs')
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.kw_defaults, 'FunctionDef.args.kw_defaults')
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.kwarg, 'FunctionDef.args.kwarg')
+        _not_implemented(not node.args.defaults, 'FunctionDef.args.defaults')
+
+        # Do stmts at the end so we have the return value
+
+        for decorator in node.decorator_list:
+            if not isinstance(decorator, ast.Name):
+                _raise_static_error(decorator, 'Function decorators must be string')
+            if not isinstance(decorator.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(decorator, 'Must be load context')
+            _not_implemented(decorator.id in ('exported', 'imported'), 'Custom decorators')
+
+            if decorator.id == 'exported':
+                function.exported = True
+            else:
+                function.imported = True
+
+        if node.returns:
+            function.returns = self.visit_type(module, node.returns)
+
+        _not_implemented(not node.type_comment, 'FunctionDef.type_comment')
+
+        return function
+
+    def pre_visit_Module_ClassDef(self, module: Module, node: ast.ClassDef) -> TypeStruct:
+        struct = TypeStruct(node.name, node.lineno)
+
+        _not_implemented(not node.bases, 'ClassDef.bases')
+        _not_implemented(not node.keywords, 'ClassDef.keywords')
+        _not_implemented(not node.decorator_list, 'ClassDef.decorator_list')
+
+        offset = 0
+
+        for stmt in node.body:
+            if not isinstance(stmt, ast.AnnAssign):
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'Class with {stmt} nodes')
+
+            if not isinstance(stmt.target, ast.Name):
+                raise NotImplementedError('Class with default values')
+
+            if not stmt.value is None:
+                raise NotImplementedError('Class with default values')
+
+            if stmt.simple != 1:
+                raise NotImplementedError('Class with non-simple arguments')
+
+            member = TypeStructMember(stmt.target.id, self.visit_type(module, stmt.annotation), offset)
+
+            struct.members.append(member)
+            offset += member.type.alloc_size()
+
+        return struct
+
+    def pre_visit_Module_AnnAssign(self, module: Module, node: ast.AnnAssign) -> ModuleConstantDef:
+        if not isinstance(node.target, ast.Name):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be name')
+        if not isinstance(node.target.ctx, ast.Store):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+        exp_type = self.visit_type(module, node.annotation)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeInt32):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Constant):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be constant')
+
+            constant = ModuleConstantDef(
+                node.target.id,
+                node.lineno,
+                exp_type,
+                self.visit_Module_Constant(module, exp_type, node.value),
+                None,
+            )
+            return constant
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeTuple):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Tuple):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be tuple')
+
+            if len(exp_type.members) != len(node.value.elts):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Invalid number of tuple values')
+
+            tuple_data = [
+                self.visit_Module_Constant(module, mem.type, arg_node)
+                for arg_node, mem in zip(node.value.elts, exp_type.members)
+                if isinstance(arg_node, ast.Constant)
+            ]
+            if len(exp_type.members) != len(tuple_data):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Tuple arguments must be constants')
+
+            # Allocate the data
+            data_block = ModuleDataBlock(tuple_data)
+            module.data.blocks.append(data_block)
+
+            # Then return the constant as a pointer
+            return ModuleConstantDef(
+                node.target.id,
+                node.lineno,
+                exp_type,
+                ConstantTuple(exp_type, tuple_data),
+                data_block,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeStaticArray):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Tuple):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be static array')
+
+            if len(exp_type.members) != len(node.value.elts):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Invalid number of static array values')
+
+            static_array_data = [
+                self.visit_Module_Constant(module, exp_type.member_type, arg_node)
+                for arg_node in node.value.elts
+                if isinstance(arg_node, ast.Constant)
+            ]
+            if len(exp_type.members) != len(static_array_data):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Static array arguments must be constants')
+
+            # Allocate the data
+            data_block = ModuleDataBlock(static_array_data)
+            module.data.blocks.append(data_block)
+
+            # Then return the constant as a pointer
+            return ModuleConstantDef(
+                node.target.id,
+                node.lineno,
+                exp_type,
+                ConstantStaticArray(exp_type, static_array_data),
+                data_block,
+            )
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} on Module AnnAssign')
+
+    def visit_Module_stmt(self, module: Module, node: ast.stmt) -> None:
+        if isinstance(node, ast.FunctionDef):
+            self.visit_Module_FunctionDef(module, node)
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.ClassDef):
+            return
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.AnnAssign):
+            return
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} on Module')
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef(self, module: Module, node: ast.FunctionDef) -> None:
+        function = module.functions[node.name]
+
+        our_locals = dict(function.posonlyargs)
+
+        for stmt in node.body:
+            function.statements.append(
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_stmt(module, function, our_locals, stmt)
+            )
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef_stmt(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, node: ast.stmt) -> Statement:
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Return):
+            if node.value is None:
+                # TODO: Implement methods without return values
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Return must have an argument')
+
+            return StatementReturn(
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, function.returns, node.value)
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.If):
+            result = StatementIf(
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, function.returns, node.test)
+            )
+
+            for stmt in node.body:
+                result.statements.append(
+                    self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_stmt(module, function, our_locals, stmt)
+                )
+
+            for stmt in node.orelse:
+                result.else_statements.append(
+                    self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_stmt(module, function, our_locals, stmt)
+                )
+
+            return result
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Pass):
+            return StatementPass()
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} as stmt in FunctionDef')
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, exp_type: TypeBase, node: ast.expr) -> Expression:
+        if isinstance(node, ast.BinOp):
+            if isinstance(node.op, ast.Add):
+                operator = '+'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.Sub):
+                operator = '-'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.Mult):
+                operator = '*'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.LShift):
+                operator = '<<'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.RShift):
+                operator = '>>'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.BitOr):
+                operator = '|'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.BitXor):
+                operator = '^'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.BitAnd):
+                operator = '&'
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'Operator {node.op}')
+
+            # Assume the type doesn't change when descending into a binary operator
+            # e.g. you can do `"hello" * 3` with the code below (yet)
+
+            return BinaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                operator,
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.left),
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.right),
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.UnaryOp):
+            if isinstance(node.op, ast.UAdd):
+                operator = '+'
+            elif isinstance(node.op, ast.USub):
+                operator = '-'
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'Operator {node.op}')
+
+            return UnaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                operator,
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.operand),
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Compare):
+            if 1 < len(node.ops):
+                raise NotImplementedError('Multiple operators')
+
+            if isinstance(node.ops[0], ast.Gt):
+                operator = '>'
+            elif isinstance(node.ops[0], ast.Eq):
+                operator = '=='
+            elif isinstance(node.ops[0], ast.Lt):
+                operator = '<'
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'Operator {node.ops}')
+
+            # Assume the type doesn't change when descending into a binary operator
+            # e.g. you can do `"hello" * 3` with the code below (yet)
+
+            return BinaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                operator,
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.left),
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.comparators[0]),
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Call):
+            return self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_Call(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node)
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Constant):
+            return self.visit_Module_Constant(
+                module, exp_type, node,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Attribute):
+            return self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_Attribute(
+                module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Subscript):
+            return self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_Subscript(
+                module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Name):
+            if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+            if node.id in our_locals:
+                act_type = our_locals[node.id]
+                if exp_type != act_type:
+                    _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.id} is actually {codestyle.type_(act_type)}')
+
+                return VariableReference(act_type, node.id)
+
+            if node.id in module.constant_defs:
+                cdef = module.constant_defs[node.id]
+                if exp_type != cdef.type:
+                    _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.id} is actually {codestyle.type_(cdef.type)}')
+
+                return ModuleConstantReference(exp_type, cdef)
+
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Undefined variable {node.id}')
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Tuple):
+            if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+            if isinstance(exp_type, TypeTuple):
+                if len(exp_type.members) != len(node.elts):
+                    _raise_static_error(node, f'Expression is expecting a tuple of size {len(exp_type.members)}, but {len(node.elts)} are given')
+
+                tuple_constructor = TupleConstructor(exp_type)
+
+                func = module.functions[tuple_constructor.name]
+
+                result = FunctionCall(func)
+                result.arguments = [
+                    self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, mem.type, arg_node)
+                    for arg_node, mem in zip(node.elts, exp_type.members)
+                ]
+                return result
+
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Expression is expecting a {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, not a tuple')
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} as expr in FunctionDef')
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef_Call(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, exp_type: TypeBase, node: ast.Call) -> Union[Fold, FunctionCall, UnaryOp]:
+        if node.keywords:
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Keyword calling not supported') # Yet?
+
+        if not isinstance(node.func, ast.Name):
+            raise NotImplementedError(f'Calling methods that are not a name {node.func}')
+        if not isinstance(node.func.ctx, ast.Load):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+        if node.func.id in module.structs:
+            struct = module.structs[node.func.id]
+            struct_constructor = StructConstructor(struct)
+
+            func = module.functions[struct_constructor.name]
+        elif node.func.id in WEBASSEMBLY_BUILDIN_FLOAT_OPS:
+            if not isinstance(exp_type, (TypeFloat32, TypeFloat64, )):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Cannot make {node.func.id} result in {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}')
+
+            if 1 != len(node.args):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires 1 arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+
+            return UnaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                'sqrt',
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, exp_type, node.args[0]),
+            )
+        elif node.func.id == 'u32':
+            if not isinstance(exp_type, TypeUInt32):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Cannot make {node.func.id} result in {exp_type}')
+
+            if 1 != len(node.args):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires 1 arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+
+            # FIXME: This is a stub, proper casting is todo
+
+            return UnaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                'cast',
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, module.types['u8'], node.args[0]),
+            )
+        elif node.func.id == 'len':
+            if not isinstance(exp_type, TypeInt32):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Cannot make {node.func.id} result in {exp_type}')
+
+            if 1 != len(node.args):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires 1 arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+
+            return UnaryOp(
+                exp_type,
+                'len',
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, module.types['bytes'], node.args[0]),
+            )
+        elif node.func.id == 'foldl':
+            # TODO: This should a much more generic function!
+            # For development purposes, we're assuming you're doing a foldl(Callable[[u8, u8], u8], u8, bytes)
+            # In the future, we should probably infer the type of the second argument,
+            # and use it as expected types for the other u8s and the Iterable[u8] (i.e. bytes)
+
+            if 3 != len(node.args):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires 3 arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+
+            # TODO: This is not generic
+            subnode = node.args[0]
+            if not isinstance(subnode, ast.Name):
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'Calling methods that are not a name {subnode}')
+            if not isinstance(subnode.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(subnode, 'Must be load context')
+            if subnode.id not in module.functions:
+                _raise_static_error(subnode, 'Reference to undefined function')
+            func = module.functions[subnode.id]
+            if 2 != len(func.posonlyargs):
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires a function with 2 arguments but a function with {len(func.posonlyargs)} args is given')
+
+            if exp_type.__class__ != func.returns.__class__:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {func.name} actually returns {codestyle.type_(func.returns)}')
+
+            if func.returns.__class__ != func.posonlyargs[0][1].__class__:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected a foldable function, {func.name} returns a {codestyle.type_(func.returns)} but expects a {codestyle.type_(func.posonlyargs[0][1])}')
+
+            if module.types['u8'].__class__ != func.posonlyargs[1][1].__class__:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Only folding over bytes (u8) is supported at this time')
+
+            return Fold(
+                exp_type,
+                Fold.Direction.LEFT,
+                func,
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, func.returns, node.args[1]),
+                self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, module.types['bytes'], node.args[2]),
+            )
+        else:
+            if node.func.id not in module.functions:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Call to undefined function')
+
+            func = module.functions[node.func.id]
+
+        if func.returns != exp_type:
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {func.name} actually returns {codestyle.type_(func.returns)}')
+
+        if len(func.posonlyargs) != len(node.args):
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Function {node.func.id} requires {len(func.posonlyargs)} arguments but {len(node.args)} are given')
+
+        result = FunctionCall(func)
+        result.arguments.extend(
+            self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(module, function, our_locals, arg_type, arg_expr)
+            for arg_expr, (_, arg_type) in zip(node.args, func.posonlyargs)
+        )
+        return result
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef_Attribute(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, exp_type: TypeBase, node: ast.Attribute) -> Expression:
+        del module
+        del function
+
+        if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Name):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must reference a name')
+
+        if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+        if not node.value.id in our_locals:
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Undefined variable {node.value.id}')
+
+        node_typ = our_locals[node.value.id]
+        if not isinstance(node_typ, TypeStruct):
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Cannot take attribute of non-struct {node.value.id}')
+
+        member = node_typ.get_member(node.attr)
+        if member is None:
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'{node_typ.name} has no attribute {node.attr}')
+
+        if exp_type != member.type:
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.value.id}.{member.name} is actually {codestyle.type_(member.type)}')
+
+        return AccessStructMember(
+            VariableReference(node_typ, node.value.id),
+            member,
+        )
+
+    def visit_Module_FunctionDef_Subscript(self, module: Module, function: Function, our_locals: OurLocals, exp_type: TypeBase, node: ast.Subscript) -> Expression:
+        if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Name):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must reference a name')
+
+        if not isinstance(node.slice, ast.Index):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must subscript using an index')
+
+        if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+            _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+        varref: Union[ModuleConstantReference, VariableReference]
+        if node.value.id in our_locals:
+            node_typ = our_locals[node.value.id]
+            varref = VariableReference(node_typ, node.value.id)
+        elif node.value.id in module.constant_defs:
+            constant_def = module.constant_defs[node.value.id]
+            node_typ = constant_def.type
+            varref = ModuleConstantReference(node_typ, constant_def)
+        else:
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Undefined variable {node.value.id}')
+
+        slice_expr = self.visit_Module_FunctionDef_expr(
+            module, function, our_locals, module.types['u32'], node.slice.value,
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(node_typ, TypeBytes):
+            t_u8 = module.types['u8']
+            if exp_type != t_u8:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.value.id}[{codestyle.expression(slice_expr)}] is actually {codestyle.type_(t_u8)}')
+
+            if isinstance(varref, ModuleConstantReference):
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} from module constant')
+
+            return AccessBytesIndex(
+                t_u8,
+                varref,
+                slice_expr,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node_typ, TypeTuple):
+            if not isinstance(slice_expr, ConstantUInt32):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must subscript using a constant index')
+
+            idx = slice_expr.value
+
+            if len(node_typ.members) <= idx:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Index {idx} out of bounds for tuple {node.value.id}')
+
+            tuple_member = node_typ.members[idx]
+            if exp_type != tuple_member.type:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.value.id}[{idx}] is actually {codestyle.type_(tuple_member.type)}')
+
+            if isinstance(varref, ModuleConstantReference):
+                raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} from module constant')
+
+            return AccessTupleMember(
+                varref,
+                tuple_member,
+            )
+
+        if isinstance(node_typ, TypeStaticArray):
+            if exp_type != node_typ.member_type:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Expected {codestyle.type_(exp_type)}, {node.value.id}[{idx}] is actually {codestyle.type_(node_typ.member_type)}')
+
+            if not isinstance(slice_expr, ConstantInt32):
+                return AccessStaticArrayMember(
+                    varref,
+                    node_typ,
+                    slice_expr,
+                )
+
+            idx = slice_expr.value
+
+            if len(node_typ.members) <= idx:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Index {idx} out of bounds for static array {node.value.id}')
+
+            static_array_member = node_typ.members[idx]
+
+            return AccessStaticArrayMember(
+                varref,
+                node_typ,
+                static_array_member,
+            )
+
+        _raise_static_error(node, f'Cannot take index of {node_typ} {node.value.id}')
+
+    def visit_Module_Constant(self, module: Module, exp_type: TypeBase, node: ast.Constant) -> Constant:
+        del module
+
+        _not_implemented(node.kind is None, 'Constant.kind')
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeUInt8):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected integer value')
+
+            if node.value < 0 or node.value > 255:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Integer value out of range; expected 0..255, actual {node.value}')
+
+            return ConstantUInt8(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeUInt32):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected integer value')
+
+            if node.value < 0 or node.value > 4294967295:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Integer value out of range')
+
+            return ConstantUInt32(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeUInt64):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected integer value')
+
+            if node.value < 0 or node.value > 18446744073709551615:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Integer value out of range')
+
+            return ConstantUInt64(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeInt32):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected integer value')
+
+            if node.value < -2147483648 or node.value > 2147483647:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Integer value out of range')
+
+            return ConstantInt32(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeInt64):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected integer value')
+
+            if node.value < -9223372036854775808 or node.value > 9223372036854775807:
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Integer value out of range')
+
+            return ConstantInt64(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeFloat32):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, (float, int, )):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected float value')
+
+            # FIXME: Range check
+
+            return ConstantFloat32(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        if isinstance(exp_type, TypeFloat64):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, (float, int, )):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Expected float value')
+
+            # FIXME: Range check
+
+            return ConstantFloat64(exp_type, node.value)
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} as const for type {exp_type}')
+
+    def visit_type(self, module: Module, node: ast.expr) -> TypeBase:
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Constant):
+            if node.value is None:
+                return module.types['None']
+
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Unrecognized type {node.value}')
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Name):
+            if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+            if node.id in module.types:
+                return module.types[node.id]
+
+            if node.id in module.structs:
+                return module.structs[node.id]
+
+            _raise_static_error(node, f'Unrecognized type {node.id}')
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Subscript):
+            if not isinstance(node.value, ast.Name):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be name')
+            if not isinstance(node.slice, ast.Index):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must subscript using an index')
+            if not isinstance(node.slice.value, ast.Constant):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must subscript using a constant index')
+            if not isinstance(node.slice.value.value, int):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must subscript using a constant integer index')
+            if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+            if node.value.id in module.types:
+                member_type = module.types[node.value.id]
+            else:
+                _raise_static_error(node, f'Unrecognized type {node.value.id}')
+
+            type_static_array = TypeStaticArray(member_type)
+
+            offset = 0
+
+            for idx in range(node.slice.value.value):
+                static_array_member = TypeStaticArrayMember(idx, offset)
+
+                type_static_array.members.append(static_array_member)
+                offset += member_type.alloc_size()
+
+            key = f'{node.value.id}[{node.slice.value.value}]'
+
+            if key not in module.types:
+                module.types[key] = type_static_array
+
+            return module.types[key]
+
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Tuple):
+            if not isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                _raise_static_error(node, 'Must be load context')
+
+            type_tuple = TypeTuple()
+
+            offset = 0
+
+            for idx, elt in enumerate(node.elts):
+                tuple_member = TypeTupleMember(idx, self.visit_type(module, elt), offset)
+
+                type_tuple.members.append(tuple_member)
+                offset += tuple_member.type.alloc_size()
+
+            key = type_tuple.render_internal_name()
+
+            if key not in module.types:
+                module.types[key] = type_tuple
+                constructor = TupleConstructor(type_tuple)
+                module.functions[constructor.name] = constructor
+
+            return module.types[key]
+
+        raise NotImplementedError(f'{node} as type')
+
+def _not_implemented(check: Any, msg: str) -> None:
+    if not check:
+        raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+
+def _raise_static_error(node: Union[ast.mod, ast.stmt, ast.expr], msg: str) -> NoReturn:
+    raise StaticError(
+        f'Static error on line {node.lineno}: {msg}'
+    )

phasm/stdlib/alloc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+"""
+stdlib: Memory allocation
+"""
+from phasm.wasmgenerator import Generator, VarType_i32 as i32, func_wrapper
+
+IDENTIFIER = 0xA1C0
+
+ADR_IDENTIFIER = 0
+ADR_RESERVED0 = ADR_IDENTIFIER + 4
+ADR_FREE_BLOCK_PTR = ADR_RESERVED0 + 4
+ADR_UNALLOC_PTR = ADR_FREE_BLOCK_PTR + 4
+
+UNALLOC_PTR = ADR_UNALLOC_PTR + 4
+
+# For memory initialization see phasm.compiler.module_data
+
+@func_wrapper(exported=False)
+def __find_free_block__(g: Generator, alloc_size: i32) -> i32:
+    # Find out if we've freed any blocks at all so far
+    g.i32.const(ADR_FREE_BLOCK_PTR)
+    g.i32.load()
+    g.i32.const(0)
+    g.i32.eq()
+
+    with g.if_():
+        g.i32.const(0)
+        g.return_()
+
+    del alloc_size # TODO
+    g.unreachable()
+
+    return i32('return') # To satisfy mypy
+
+@func_wrapper()
+def __alloc__(g: Generator, alloc_size: i32) -> i32:
+    result = i32('result')
+
+    # Check if the memory is already initialized
+    g.i32.const(ADR_IDENTIFIER)
+    g.i32.load()
+    g.i32.const(IDENTIFIER)
+    g.i32.ne()
+    with g.if_():
+        # Not yet initialized, or memory corruption
+        g.unreachable()
+
+    # Try to claim a free block
+    g.local.get(alloc_size)
+    g.call(__find_free_block__)
+    g.local.set(result)
+
+    # Check if there was a free block
+    g.local.get(result)
+    g.i32.const(0)
+    g.i32.eq()
+    with g.if_():
+        # No free blocks, increase allocated memory usage
+
+        # Put the address on the stack in advance so we can store to it later
+        g.i32.const(ADR_UNALLOC_PTR)
+
+        # Get the current unalloc pointer value
+        g.i32.const(ADR_UNALLOC_PTR)
+        g.i32.load()
+        g.local.tee(result)
+
+        # Calculate new unalloc pointer value
+        g.i32.const(4) # Header size
+        g.i32.add()
+        g.local.get(alloc_size)
+        g.i32.add()
+
+        # Store new unalloc pointer value (address was set on stack in advance)
+        g.i32.store()
+
+    # Store block size in the header
+    g.local.get(result)
+    g.local.get(alloc_size)
+    g.i32.store()
+
+    # Return address of the allocated memory, skipping the allocator header
+    g.local.get(result)
+    g.i32.const(4) # Header size
+    g.i32.add()
+
+    return i32('return') # To satisfy mypy

phasm/stdlib/types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"""
+stdlib: Standard types that are not wasm primitives
+"""
+from phasm.wasmgenerator import Generator, VarType_i32 as i32, func_wrapper
+
+from phasm.stdlib import alloc
+
+@func_wrapper()
+def __alloc_bytes__(g: Generator, length: i32) -> i32:
+    """
+    Allocates room for a bytes instance, but does not write
+    anything to the allocated memory
+    """
+    result = i32('result')
+
+    # Allocate the length of the byte string, as well
+    # as 4 bytes for a length header
+    g.local.get(length)
+    g.i32.const(4)
+    g.i32.add()
+    g.call(alloc.__alloc__)
+
+    # Store the address in a variable so we can use it up
+    # for writing the length header
+    g.local.tee(result)
+    g.local.get(length)
+    g.i32.store()
+
+    # Get the address back from the variable as return
+    g.local.get(result)
+
+    return i32('return') # To satisfy mypy
+
+@func_wrapper()
+def __subscript_bytes__(g: Generator, adr: i32, ofs: i32) -> i32:
+    """
+    Returns an index from a bytes value
+
+    If ofs is more than the length of the bytes, this
+    function returns 0, following the 'no undefined behaviour'
+    philosophy.
+
+    adr   i32    The pointer for the allocated bytes
+    ofs   i32    The offset within the allocated bytes
+    """
+    g.local.get(ofs)
+    g.local.get(adr)
+    g.i32.load()
+    g.i32.lt_u()
+
+    with g.if_():
+        # The offset is less than the length
+
+        g.local.get(adr)
+        g.i32.const(4) # Bytes header
+        g.i32.add()
+        g.local.get(ofs)
+        g.i32.add()
+        g.i32.load8_u()
+        g.return_()
+
+    # The offset is outside the allocated bytes
+    g.i32.const(0)
+    g.return_()
+
+    return i32('return') # To satisfy mypy

phasm/typing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+"""
+The phasm type system
+"""
+from typing import Optional, List
+
+class TypeBase:
+    """
+    TypeBase base class
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        """
+        When allocating this type in memory, how many bytes do we need to reserve?
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(self, 'alloc_size')
+
+class TypeNone(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The None (or Void) type
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class TypeBool(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The boolean type
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class TypeUInt8(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Integer type, unsigned and 8 bits wide
+
+    Note that under the hood we need to use i32 to represent
+    these values in expressions. So we need to add some operations
+    to make sure the math checks out.
+
+    So while this does save bytes in memory, it may not actually
+    speed up or improve your code.
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 4 # Int32 under the hood
+
+class TypeUInt32(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Integer type, unsigned and 32 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 4
+
+class TypeUInt64(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Integer type, unsigned and 64 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 8
+
+class TypeInt32(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Integer type, signed and 32 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 4
+
+class TypeInt64(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Integer type, signed and 64 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 8
+
+class TypeFloat32(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Float type, 32 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 4
+
+class TypeFloat64(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The Float type, 64 bits wide
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return 8
+
+class TypeBytes(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The bytes type
+    """
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+class TypeTupleMember:
+    """
+    Represents a tuple member
+    """
+    def __init__(self, idx: int, type_: TypeBase, offset: int) -> None:
+        self.idx = idx
+        self.type = type_
+        self.offset = offset
+
+class TypeTuple(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The tuple type
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('members', )
+
+    members: List[TypeTupleMember]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.members = []
+
+    def render_internal_name(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Generates an internal name for this tuple
+        """
+        mems = '@'.join('?' for x in self.members) # FIXME: Should not be a questionmark
+        assert ' ' not in mems, 'Not implement yet: subtuples'
+        return f'tuple@{mems}'
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return sum(
+            x.type.alloc_size()
+            for x in self.members
+        )
+
+class TypeStaticArrayMember:
+    """
+    Represents a static array member
+    """
+    def __init__(self, idx: int, offset: int) -> None:
+        self.idx = idx
+        self.offset = offset
+
+class TypeStaticArray(TypeBase):
+    """
+    The static array type
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('member_type', 'members', )
+
+    member_type: TypeBase
+    members: List[TypeStaticArrayMember]
+
+    def __init__(self, member_type: TypeBase) -> None:
+        self.member_type = member_type
+        self.members = []
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return self.member_type.alloc_size() * len(self.members)
+
+class TypeStructMember:
+    """
+    Represents a struct member
+    """
+    def __init__(self, name: str, type_: TypeBase, offset: int) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.type = type_
+        self.offset = offset
+
+class TypeStruct(TypeBase):
+    """
+    A struct has named properties
+    """
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'lineno', 'members', )
+
+    name: str
+    lineno: int
+    members: List[TypeStructMember]
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, lineno: int) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.members = []
+
+    def get_member(self, name: str) -> Optional[TypeStructMember]:
+        """
+        Returns a member by name
+        """
+        for mem in self.members:
+            if mem.name == name:
+                return mem
+
+        return None
+
+    def alloc_size(self) -> int:
+        return sum(
+            x.type.alloc_size()
+            for x in self.members
+        )

phasm/wasm.py

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+"""
+Python classes for storing the representation of Web Assembly code,
+and being able to conver it to Web Assembly Text Format
+"""
+
+from typing import Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+class WatSerializable:
+    """
+    Mixin for clases that can be serialized as WebAssembly Text
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Renders this object as WebAssembly Text
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(self, 'to_wat')
+
+class WasmType(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Type base class
+    """
+
+class WasmTypeNone(WasmType):
+    """
+    Type when there is no type
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        raise Exception('None type is only a placeholder')
+
+class WasmTypeInt32(WasmType):
+    """
+    i32 value
+
+    Signed or not depends on the operations, not the type
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return 'i32'
+
+class WasmTypeInt64(WasmType):
+    """
+    i64 value
+
+    Signed or not depends on the operations, not the type
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return 'i64'
+
+class WasmTypeFloat32(WasmType):
+    """
+    f32 value
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return 'f32'
+
+class WasmTypeFloat64(WasmType):
+    """
+    f64 value
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return 'f64'
+
+class WasmTypeVector(WasmType):
+    """
+    A vector is a 128-bit value
+    """
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return 'v128'
+
+class WasmTypeVectorInt32x4(WasmTypeVector):
+    """
+    4 Int32 values in a single vector
+    """
+
+Param = Tuple[str, WasmType]
+
+class Import(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Represents a Web Assembly import
+    """
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            module: str,
+            name: str,
+            intname: str,
+            params: Iterable[Param],
+            result: WasmType,
+        ) -> None:
+        self.module = module
+        self.name = name
+        self.intname = intname
+        self.params = [*params]
+        self.result = result
+
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        return '(import "{}" "{}" (func ${}{}{}))'.format(
+            self.module,
+            self.name,
+            self.intname,
+            ''.join(
+                f' (param {typ.to_wat()})'
+                for _, typ in self.params
+            ),
+            '' if isinstance(self.result, WasmTypeNone)
+               else f' (result {self.result.to_wat()})'
+        )
+
+class Statement(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Represents a Web Assembly statement
+    """
+    def __init__(self, name: str, *args: str, comment: Optional[str] = None):
+        self.name = name
+        self.args = args
+        self.comment = comment
+
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        args = ' '.join(self.args)
+        comment = f' ;; {self.comment}' if self.comment else ''
+
+        return f'{self.name} {args}{comment}'
+
+class Function(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Represents a Web Assembly function
+    """
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            name: str,
+            exported_name: Optional[str],
+            params: Iterable[Param],
+            locals_: Iterable[Param],
+            result: WasmType,
+            statements: Iterable[Statement],
+        ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.exported_name = exported_name
+        self.params = [*params]
+        self.locals = [*locals_]
+        self.result = result
+        self.statements = [*statements]
+
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        header = f'${self.name}' # Name for internal use
+
+        if self.exported_name is not None:
+            # Name for external use
+            header += f' (export "{self.exported_name}")'
+
+        for nam, typ in self.params:
+            header += f' (param ${nam} {typ.to_wat()})'
+
+        if not isinstance(self.result, WasmTypeNone):
+            header += f' (result {self.result.to_wat()})'
+
+        for nam, typ in self.locals:
+            header += f' (local ${nam} {typ.to_wat()})'
+
+        return '(func {}\n    {}\n    )'.format(
+            header,
+            '\n    '.join(x.to_wat() for x in self.statements),
+        )
+
+class ModuleMemory(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Represents a WebAssembly module's memory
+    """
+    def __init__(self, data: bytes = b'') -> None:
+        self.data = data
+
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        data = ''.join(
+            f'\\{x:02x}'
+            for x in self.data
+        )
+
+        return (
+            '(memory 1)\n  '
+            f'(data (memory 0) (i32.const 0) "{data}")\n  '
+            '(export "memory" (memory 0))\n'
+        )
+
+class Module(WatSerializable):
+    """
+    Represents a Web Assembly module
+    """
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.imports: List[Import] = []
+        self.functions: List[Function] = []
+        self.memory = ModuleMemory()
+
+    def to_wat(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Generates the text version
+        """
+        return '(module\n  {}\n  {}\n  {})\n'.format(
+            '\n  '.join(x.to_wat() for x in self.imports),
+            self.memory.to_wat(),
+            '\n  '.join(x.to_wat() for x in self.functions),
+        )

phasm/wasmeasy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""
+Helper functions to quickly generate WASM code
+"""
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Type
+
+import functools
+
+from . import wasm
+
+#pylint: disable=C0103,C0115,C0116,R0201,R0902
+
+class Prefix_inn_fnn:
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str) -> None:
+        self.prefix = prefix
+
+        # 6.5.5. Memory Instructions
+        self.load = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.load')
+        self.store = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.store')
+
+        # 6.5.6. Numeric Instructions
+        self.clz = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.clz')
+        self.ctz = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.ctz')
+        self.popcnt = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.popcnt')
+        self.add = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.add')
+        self.sub = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.sub')
+        self.mul = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.mul')
+        self.div_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.div_s')
+        self.div_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.div_u')
+        self.rem_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.rem_s')
+        self.rem_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.rem_u')
+        self.and_ = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.and')
+        self.or_ = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.or')
+        self.xor = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.xor')
+        self.shl = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.shl')
+        self.shr_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.shr_s')
+        self.shr_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.shr_u')
+        self.rotl = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.rotl')
+        self.rotr = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.rotr')
+
+        self.eqz = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.eqz')
+        self.eq = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.eq')
+        self.ne = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.ne')
+        self.lt_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.lt_s')
+        self.lt_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.lt_u')
+        self.gt_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.gt_s')
+        self.gt_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.gt_u')
+        self.le_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.le_s')
+        self.le_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.le_u')
+        self.ge_s = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.ge_s')
+        self.ge_u = functools.partial(wasm.Statement, f'{self.prefix}.ge_u')
+
+    def const(self, value: int, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> wasm.Statement:
+        return wasm.Statement(f'{self.prefix}.const', f'0x{value:08x}', comment=comment)
+
+i32 = Prefix_inn_fnn('i32')
+i64 = Prefix_inn_fnn('i64')
+
+class Block:
+    def __init__(self, start: str) -> None:
+        self.start = start
+
+    def __call__(self, *statements: wasm.Statement) -> List[wasm.Statement]:
+        return [
+            wasm.Statement('if'),
+            *statements,
+            wasm.Statement('end'),
+        ]
+
+if_ = Block('if')

phasm/wasmgenerator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+"""
+Helper functions to generate WASM code by writing Python functions
+"""
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Type
+
+import functools
+
+from . import wasm
+
+# pylint: disable=C0103,C0115,C0116,R0902
+
+class VarType_Base:
+    wasm_type: Type[wasm.WasmType]
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.name_ref = f'${name}'
+
+class VarType_u8(VarType_Base):
+    wasm_type = wasm.WasmTypeInt32
+
+class VarType_i32(VarType_Base):
+    wasm_type = wasm.WasmTypeInt32
+
+class Generator_i32i64:
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.generator = generator
+
+        # 2.4.1. Numeric Instructions
+        # ibinop
+        self.add = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.add')
+        self.sub = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.sub')
+        self.mul = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.mul')
+
+        # irelop
+        self.eq = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.eq')
+        self.ne = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.ne')
+        self.lt_u = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.lt_u')
+        self.ge_u = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.ge_u')
+
+        # 2.4.4. Memory Instructions
+        self.load = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.load')
+        self.load8_u = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.load8_u')
+        self.store = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.store')
+
+    def const(self, value: int, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.generator.add_statement(f'{self.prefix}.const', f'0x{value:08x}', comment=comment)
+
+class Generator_i32(Generator_i32i64):
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        super().__init__('i32', generator)
+
+class Generator_i64(Generator_i32i64):
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        super().__init__('i64', generator)
+
+class Generator_f32f64:
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.generator = generator
+
+        # 2.4.1. Numeric Instructions
+        # fbinop
+        self.add = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.add')
+
+        # frelop
+        self.eq = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.eq')
+        self.ne = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.ne')
+
+        # 2.4.4. Memory Instructions
+        self.load = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.load')
+        self.store = functools.partial(self.generator.add_statement, f'{prefix}.store')
+
+    def const(self, value: float, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        # FIXME: Is this sufficient to guarantee the float comes across properly?
+        self.generator.add_statement(f'{self.prefix}.const', f'{value}', comment=comment)
+
+class Generator_f32(Generator_f32f64):
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        super().__init__('f32', generator)
+
+class Generator_f64(Generator_f32f64):
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        super().__init__('f64', generator)
+
+class Generator_Local:
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator') -> None:
+        self.generator = generator
+
+    # 2.4.3. Variable Instructions
+    def get(self, variable: VarType_Base, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.generator.add_statement('local.get', variable.name_ref, comment=comment)
+
+    def set(self, variable: VarType_Base, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.generator.locals.setdefault(variable.name, variable)
+
+        self.generator.add_statement('local.set', variable.name_ref, comment=comment)
+
+    def tee(self, variable: VarType_Base, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.generator.locals.setdefault(variable.name, variable)
+
+        self.generator.add_statement('local.tee', variable.name_ref, comment=comment)
+
+class GeneratorBlock:
+    def __init__(self, generator: 'Generator', name: str) -> None:
+        self.generator = generator
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> None:
+        self.generator.add_statement(self.name)
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: Any, exc_value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:
+        if not exc_type:
+            self.generator.add_statement('end')
+
+class Generator:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.statements: List[wasm.Statement] = []
+        self.locals: Dict[str, VarType_Base] = {}
+
+        self.i32 = Generator_i32(self)
+        self.i64 = Generator_i64(self)
+        self.f32 = Generator_f32(self)
+        self.f64 = Generator_f64(self)
+
+        # 2.4.3 Variable Instructions
+        self.local = Generator_Local(self)
+
+        # 2.4.5 Control Instructions
+        self.nop = functools.partial(self.add_statement, 'nop')
+        self.unreachable = functools.partial(self.add_statement, 'unreachable')
+        # block
+        self.loop = functools.partial(GeneratorBlock, self, 'loop')
+        self.if_ = functools.partial(GeneratorBlock, self, 'if')
+        # br
+        # br_if - see below
+        # br_table
+        self.return_ = functools.partial(self.add_statement, 'return')
+        # call - see below
+        # call_indirect
+
+    def br_if(self, idx: int) -> None:
+        self.add_statement('br_if', f'{idx}')
+
+    def call(self, function: wasm.Function) -> None:
+        self.add_statement('call', f'${function.name}')
+
+    def add_statement(self, name: str, *args: str, comment: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        self.statements.append(wasm.Statement(name, *args, comment=comment))
+
+    def temp_var_i32(self, infix: str) -> VarType_i32:
+        idx = 0
+        while (varname := f'__{infix}_tmp_var_{idx}__') in self.locals:
+            idx += 1
+
+        return VarType_i32(varname)
+
+    def temp_var_u8(self, infix: str) -> VarType_u8:
+        idx = 0
+        while (varname := f'__{infix}_tmp_var_{idx}__') in self.locals:
+            idx += 1
+
+        return VarType_u8(varname)
+
+def func_wrapper(exported: bool = True) -> Callable[[Any], wasm.Function]:
+    """
+    This wrapper will execute the function and return
+    a wasm Function with the generated Statements
+    """
+    def inner(func: Any) -> wasm.Function:
+        func_name_parts = func.__module__.split('.') + [func.__name__]
+        if 'phasm' == func_name_parts[0]:
+            func_name_parts.pop(0)
+        func_name = '.'.join(func_name_parts)
+
+        annot = dict(func.__annotations__)
+
+        # Check if we can pass the generator
+        assert Generator is annot.pop('g')
+
+        # Convert return type to WasmType
+        annot_return = annot.pop('return')
+        if annot_return is None:
+            return_type = wasm.WasmTypeNone()
+        else:
+            assert issubclass(annot_return, VarType_Base)
+            return_type = annot_return.wasm_type()
+
+        # Load the argument types, and generate instances
+        args: Dict[str, VarType_Base] = {}
+        params: List[wasm.Param] = []
+        for param_name, param_type in annot.items():
+            assert issubclass(param_type, VarType_Base)
+
+            params.append((param_name, param_type.wasm_type(), ))
+
+            args[param_name] = VarType_Base(param_name)
+
+        # Make a generator, and run the function on that generator,
+        # so the Statements get added
+        generator = Generator()
+        func(g=generator, **args)
+
+        # Check what locals were used, and define them
+        locals_: List[wasm.Param] = []
+        for local_name, local_type in generator.locals.items():
+            locals_.append((local_name, local_type.wasm_type(), ))
+
+        # Complete function definition
+        return wasm.Function(
+            func_name,
+            func_name if exported else None,
+            params,
+            locals_,
+            return_type,
+            generator.statements,
+        )
+
+    return inner

pylintrc

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+[MASTER]
+disable=C0122,R0903,R0911,R0912,R0913,R0915,R1710,W0223
+
+max-line-length=180
+
+[stdlib]
+good-names=g
+
+[tests]
+disable=C0116,

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+mypy==0.812
+pygments==2.12.0
+pylint==2.7.4
+pytest==6.2.2
+pytest-integration==0.2.2
+pywasm==1.0.7
+pywasm3==0.5.0
+wasmer==1.1.0
+wasmer_compiler_cranelift==1.1.0
+wasmtime==0.36.0

stubs/pywasm/__init__.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+from . import binary
+from . import option
+from . import execution
+
+class Runtime:
+    store: execution.Store
+
+    def __init__(self, module: binary.Module, imps: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None, opts: Optional[option.Option] = None):
+        ...
+
+    def exec(self, name: str, args: List[Union[int, float]]) -> Any:
+        ...

stubs/pywasm/binary.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from typing import BinaryIO
+
+class Module:
+    @classmethod
+    def from_reader(cls, reader: BinaryIO) -> 'Module':
+        ...

stubs/pywasm/execution.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from typing import List
+
+class Result:
+    ...
+
+class MemoryInstance:
+    data: bytearray
+
+class Store:
+    memory_list: List[MemoryInstance]

stubs/pywasm/option.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class Option:
+    ...

stubs/wasm3.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+class Module:
+    ...
+
+class Runtime:
+    ...
+
+    def load(self, wasm_bin: Module) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    def get_memory(self, memid: int) -> memoryview:
+        ...
+
+    def find_function(self, name: str) -> Callable[[Any], Any]:
+        ...
+
+class Environment:
+    def new_runtime(self, mem_size: int) -> Runtime:
+        ...
+
+    def parse_module(self, wasm_bin: bytes) -> Module:
+        ...

stubs/wasmer.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+from typing import Any, Dict, Callable, Union
+
+def wat2wasm(inp: str) -> bytes:
+    ...
+
+class Store:
+    ...
+
+class Function:
+    def __init__(self, store: Store, func: Callable[[Any], Any]) -> None:
+        ...
+
+class Module:
+    def __init__(self, store: Store, wasm: bytes) -> None:
+        ...
+
+class Uint8Array:
+    def __getitem__(self, index: Union[int, slice]) -> int:
+        ...
+
+    def __setitem__(self, idx: int, value: int) -> None:
+        ...
+
+class Memory:
+    def uint8_view(self, offset: int = 0) -> Uint8Array:
+        ...
+
+class Exports:
+    ...
+
+class ImportObject:
+    def register(self, region: str, values: Dict[str, Function]) -> None:
+        ...
+
+class Instance:
+    exports: Exports
+
+    def __init__(self, module: Module, imports: ImportObject) -> None:
+        ...

tests/integration/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import pytest
+
+pytest.register_assert_rewrite('tests.integration.helpers')

tests/integration/helpers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import sys
+
+from phasm.codestyle import phasm_render
+
+from . import runners
+
+DASHES = '-' * 16
+
+class SuiteResult:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.returned_value = None
+
+RUNNER_CLASS_MAP = {
+    'pywasm': runners.RunnerPywasm,
+    'pywasm3': runners.RunnerPywasm3,
+    'wasmtime': runners.RunnerWasmtime,
+    'wasmer': runners.RunnerWasmer,
+}
+
+class Suite:
+    """
+    WebAssembly test suite
+    """
+    def __init__(self, code_py):
+        self.code_py = code_py
+
+    def run_code(self, *args, runtime='pywasm3', imports=None):
+        """
+        Compiles the given python code into wasm and
+        then runs it
+
+        Returned is an object with the results set
+        """
+        class_ = RUNNER_CLASS_MAP[runtime]
+
+        runner = class_(self.code_py)
+
+        runner.parse()
+        runner.compile_ast()
+        runner.compile_wat()
+        runner.compile_wasm()
+        runner.interpreter_setup()
+        runner.interpreter_load(imports)
+
+        write_header(sys.stderr, 'Phasm')
+        runner.dump_phasm_code(sys.stderr)
+        write_header(sys.stderr, 'Assembly')
+        runner.dump_wasm_wat(sys.stderr)
+
+        # Check if code formatting works
+        assert self.code_py == '\n' + phasm_render(runner.phasm_ast) # \n for formatting in tests
+
+        wasm_args = []
+        if args:
+            write_header(sys.stderr, 'Memory (pre alloc)')
+            runner.interpreter_dump_memory(sys.stderr)
+
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, (int, float, )):
+                    wasm_args.append(arg)
+                    continue
+
+                if isinstance(arg, bytes):
+                    adr = runner.call('stdlib.types.__alloc_bytes__', len(arg))
+                    sys.stderr.write(f'Allocation 0x{adr:08x} {repr(arg)}\n')
+
+                    runner.interpreter_write_memory(adr + 4, arg)
+                    wasm_args.append(adr)
+                    continue
+
+                raise NotImplementedError(arg)
+
+        write_header(sys.stderr, 'Memory (pre run)')
+        runner.interpreter_dump_memory(sys.stderr)
+
+        result = SuiteResult()
+        result.returned_value = runner.call('testEntry', *wasm_args)
+
+        write_header(sys.stderr, 'Memory (post run)')
+        runner.interpreter_dump_memory(sys.stderr)
+
+        return result
+
+def write_header(textio, msg: str) -> None:
+    textio.write(f'{DASHES} {msg.ljust(16)}  {DASHES}\n')

tests/integration/runners.py

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+"""
+Runners to help run WebAssembly code on various interpreters
+"""
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, Optional, TextIO
+
+import ctypes
+import io
+
+import pywasm.binary
+import wasm3
+import wasmer
+import wasmtime
+
+from phasm.compiler import phasm_compile
+from phasm.parser import phasm_parse
+from phasm import ourlang
+from phasm import wasm
+
+class RunnerBase:
+    """
+    Base class
+    """
+    phasm_code: str
+    phasm_ast: ourlang.Module
+    wasm_ast: wasm.Module
+    wasm_asm: str
+    wasm_bin: bytes
+
+    def __init__(self, phasm_code: str) -> None:
+        self.phasm_code = phasm_code
+
+    def dump_phasm_code(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        """
+        Dumps the input Phasm code for debugging
+        """
+        _dump_code(textio, self.phasm_code)
+
+    def parse(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Parses the Phasm code into an AST
+        """
+        self.phasm_ast = phasm_parse(self.phasm_code)
+
+    def compile_ast(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Compiles the Phasm AST into an WebAssembly AST
+        """
+        self.wasm_ast = phasm_compile(self.phasm_ast)
+
+    def compile_wat(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Compiles the WebAssembly AST into WebAssembly Assembly code
+        """
+        self.wasm_asm = self.wasm_ast.to_wat()
+
+    def dump_wasm_wat(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        """
+        Dumps the intermediate WebAssembly Assembly code for debugging
+        """
+        _dump_code(textio, self.wasm_asm)
+
+    def compile_wasm(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Compiles the WebAssembly AST into WebAssembly Binary
+        """
+        self.wasm_bin = wasmer.wat2wasm(self.wasm_asm)
+
+    def interpreter_setup(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Sets up the interpreter
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def interpreter_load(self, imports: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Loads the code into the interpreter
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def interpreter_write_memory(self, offset: int, data: Iterable[int]) -> None:
+        """
+        Writes into the interpreters memory
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def interpreter_read_memory(self, offset: int, length: int) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Reads from the interpreters memory
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def interpreter_dump_memory(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        """
+        Dumps the interpreters memory for debugging
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def call(self, function: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+        """
+        Calls the given function with the given arguments, returning the result
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+class RunnerPywasm(RunnerBase):
+    """
+    Implements a runner for pywasm
+
+    See https://pypi.org/project/pywasm/
+    """
+    module: pywasm.binary.Module
+    runtime: pywasm.Runtime
+
+    def interpreter_setup(self) -> None:
+        # Nothing to set up
+        pass
+
+    def interpreter_load(self, imports: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None) -> None:
+        if imports is not None:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        bytesio = io.BytesIO(self.wasm_bin)
+        self.module = pywasm.binary.Module.from_reader(bytesio)
+        self.runtime = pywasm.Runtime(self.module, {}, None)
+
+    def interpreter_write_memory(self, offset: int, data: Iterable[int]) -> None:
+        for idx, byt in enumerate(data):
+            self.runtime.store.memory_list[0].data[offset + idx] = byt
+
+    def interpreter_read_memory(self, offset: int, length: int) -> bytes:
+        return self.runtime.store.memory_list[0].data[offset:length]
+
+    def interpreter_dump_memory(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        _dump_memory(textio, self.runtime.store.memory_list[0].data)
+
+    def call(self, function: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+        return self.runtime.exec(function, [*args])
+
+class RunnerPywasm3(RunnerBase):
+    """
+    Implements a runner for pywasm3
+
+    See https://pypi.org/project/pywasm3/
+    """
+    env: wasm3.Environment
+    rtime: wasm3.Runtime
+    mod: wasm3.Module
+
+    def interpreter_setup(self) -> None:
+        self.env = wasm3.Environment()
+        self.rtime = self.env.new_runtime(1024 * 1024)
+
+    def interpreter_load(self, imports: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None) -> None:
+        if imports is not None:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        self.mod = self.env.parse_module(self.wasm_bin)
+        self.rtime.load(self.mod)
+
+    def interpreter_write_memory(self, offset: int, data: Iterable[int]) -> None:
+        memory = self.rtime.get_memory(0)
+
+        for idx, byt in enumerate(data):
+            memory[offset + idx] = byt # type: ignore
+
+    def interpreter_read_memory(self, offset: int, length: int) -> bytes:
+        memory = self.rtime.get_memory(0)
+        return memory[offset:length].tobytes()
+
+    def interpreter_dump_memory(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        _dump_memory(textio, self.rtime.get_memory(0))
+
+    def call(self, function: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+        return self.rtime.find_function(function)(*args)
+
+class RunnerWasmtime(RunnerBase):
+    """
+    Implements a runner for wasmtime
+
+    See https://pypi.org/project/wasmtime/
+    """
+    store: wasmtime.Store
+    module: wasmtime.Module
+    instance: wasmtime.Instance
+
+    def interpreter_setup(self) -> None:
+        self.store = wasmtime.Store()
+
+    def interpreter_load(self, imports: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None) -> None:
+        if imports is not None:
+            raise NotImplementedError
+
+        self.module = wasmtime.Module(self.store.engine, self.wasm_bin)
+        self.instance = wasmtime.Instance(self.store, self.module, [])
+
+    def interpreter_write_memory(self, offset: int, data: Iterable[int]) -> None:
+        exports = self.instance.exports(self.store)
+        memory = exports['memory']
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmtime.Memory) # type hint
+
+        data_ptr = memory.data_ptr(self.store)
+        data_len = memory.data_len(self.store)
+
+        idx = offset
+        for byt in data:
+            assert idx < data_len
+            data_ptr[idx] = ctypes.c_ubyte(byt)
+            idx += 1
+
+    def interpreter_read_memory(self, offset: int, length: int) -> bytes:
+        exports = self.instance.exports(self.store)
+        memory = exports['memory']
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmtime.Memory) # type hint
+
+        data_ptr = memory.data_ptr(self.store)
+        data_len = memory.data_len(self.store)
+
+        raw = ctypes.string_at(data_ptr, data_len)
+
+        return raw[offset:length]
+
+    def interpreter_dump_memory(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        exports = self.instance.exports(self.store)
+        memory = exports['memory']
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmtime.Memory) # type hint
+
+        data_ptr = memory.data_ptr(self.store)
+        data_len = memory.data_len(self.store)
+
+        _dump_memory(textio, ctypes.string_at(data_ptr, data_len))
+
+    def call(self, function: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+        exports = self.instance.exports(self.store)
+        func = exports[function]
+        assert isinstance(func, wasmtime.Func)
+
+        return func(self.store, *args)
+
+class RunnerWasmer(RunnerBase):
+    """
+    Implements a runner for wasmer
+
+    See https://pypi.org/project/wasmer/
+    """
+
+    # pylint: disable=E1101
+
+    store: wasmer.Store
+    module: wasmer.Module
+    instance: wasmer.Instance
+
+    def interpreter_setup(self) -> None:
+        self.store = wasmer.Store()
+
+    def interpreter_load(self, imports: Optional[Dict[str, Callable[[Any], Any]]] = None) -> None:
+        import_object = wasmer.ImportObject()
+        if imports:
+            import_object.register('imports', {
+                k: wasmer.Function(self.store, v)
+                for k, v in (imports or {}).items()
+            })
+
+        self.module = wasmer.Module(self.store, self.wasm_bin)
+        self.instance = wasmer.Instance(self.module, import_object)
+
+    def interpreter_write_memory(self, offset: int, data: Iterable[int]) -> None:
+        exports = self.instance.exports
+        memory = getattr(exports, 'memory')
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmer.Memory)
+        view = memory.uint8_view(offset)
+
+        for idx, byt in enumerate(data):
+            view[idx] = byt
+
+    def interpreter_read_memory(self, offset: int, length: int) -> bytes:
+        exports = self.instance.exports
+        memory = getattr(exports, 'memory')
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmer.Memory)
+        view = memory.uint8_view(offset)
+        return bytes(view[offset:length])
+
+    def interpreter_dump_memory(self, textio: TextIO) -> None:
+        exports = self.instance.exports
+        memory = getattr(exports, 'memory')
+        assert isinstance(memory, wasmer.Memory)
+        view = memory.uint8_view()
+
+        _dump_memory(textio, view) # type: ignore
+
+    def call(self, function: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+        exports = self.instance.exports
+        func = getattr(exports, function)
+
+        return func(*args)
+
+def _dump_memory(textio: TextIO, mem: bytes) -> None:
+    line_width = 16
+
+    prev_line = None
+    skip = False
+    for idx in range(0, len(mem), line_width):
+        line = ''
+        for idx2 in range(0, line_width):
+            line += f'{mem[idx + idx2]:02X}'
+            if idx2 % 2 == 1:
+                line += ' '
+
+        if prev_line == line:
+            if not skip:
+                textio.write('**\n')
+            skip = True
+        else:
+            textio.write(f'{idx:08x} {line}\n')
+
+        prev_line = line
+
+def _dump_code(textio: TextIO, text: str) -> None:
+    line_list = text.split('\n')
+    line_no_width = len(str(len(line_list)))
+    for line_no, line_txt in enumerate(line_list):
+        textio.write('{}  {}\n'.format(
+            str(line_no + 1).zfill(line_no_width),
+            line_txt,
+        ))

tests/integration/test_builtins.py

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite, write_header
+from .runners import RunnerPywasm
+
+def setup_interpreter(phash_code: str) -> RunnerPywasm:
+    runner = RunnerPywasm(phash_code)
+
+    runner.parse()
+    runner.compile_ast()
+    runner.compile_wat()
+    runner.compile_wasm()
+    runner.interpreter_setup()
+    runner.interpreter_load()
+
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Phasm')
+    runner.dump_phasm_code(sys.stderr)
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Assembly')
+    runner.dump_wasm_wat(sys.stderr)
+
+    return runner
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_foldl_1():
+    code_py = """
+def u8_or(l: u8, r: u8) -> u8:
+    return l | r
+
+@exported
+def testEntry(b: bytes) -> u8:
+    return foldl(u8_or, 128, b)
+"""
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'')
+    assert 128 == result.returned_value
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x80', runtime='pywasm')
+    assert 128 == result.returned_value
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x80\x40', runtime='pywasm')
+    assert 192 == result.returned_value
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x80\x40\x20\x10', runtime='pywasm')
+    assert 240 == result.returned_value
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x80\x40\x20\x10\x08\x04\x02\x01', runtime='pywasm')
+    assert 255 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_foldl_2():
+    code_py = """
+def xor(l: u8, r: u8) -> u8:
+    return l ^ r
+
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: bytes, b: bytes) -> u8:
+    return foldl(xor, 0, a) ^ foldl(xor, 0, b)
+"""
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x55\x0F', b'\x33\x80')
+    assert 233 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_foldl_3():
+    code_py = """
+def xor(l: u32, r: u8) -> u32:
+    return l ^ u32(r)
+
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: bytes) -> u32:
+    return foldl(xor, 0, a)
+"""
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    result = suite.run_code(b'\x55\x0F\x33\x80')
+    assert 233 == result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_constants.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_i32():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: i32 = 13
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return CONSTANT * 5
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 65 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64', ])
+def test_tuple_1(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT: ({type_}, ) = (65, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(CONSTANT)
+
+def helper(vector: ({type_}, )) -> {type_}:
+    return vector[0]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 65 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_tuple_6():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: (u8, u8, u32, u32, u64, u64, ) = (11, 22, 3333, 4444, 555555, 666666, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u32:
+    return helper(CONSTANT)
+
+def helper(vector: (u8, u8, u32, u32, u64, u64, )) -> u32:
+    return vector[2]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 3333 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64', ])
+def test_static_array_1(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT: {type_}[1] = (65, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(CONSTANT)
+
+def helper(vector: {type_}[1]) -> {type_}:
+    return vector[0]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 65 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_static_array_6():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: u32[6] = (11, 22, 3333, 4444, 555555, 666666, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u32:
+    return helper(CONSTANT)
+
+def helper(vector: u32[6]) -> u32:
+    return vector[2]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 3333 == result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_examples.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import binascii
+import struct
+
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_crc32():
+    # FIXME: Stub
+    # crc = 0xFFFFFFFF
+    # byt = 0x61
+    # => (crc >> 8) ^ _CRC32_Table[(crc & 0xFF) ^ byt]
+    # (crc >> 8) = 0x00FFFFFF
+    # => 0x00FFFFFF ^ _CRC32_Table[(crc & 0xFF) ^ byt]
+    # (crc & 0xFF) = 0xFF
+    # => 0x00FFFFFF ^ _CRC32_Table[0xFF ^ byt]
+    # 0xFF ^ 0x61 = 0x9E
+    # => 0x00FFFFFF ^ _CRC32_Table[0x9E]
+    # _CRC32_Table[0x9E] = 0x17b7be43
+    # => 0x00FFFFFF ^ 0x17b7be43
+
+    code_py = """
+def _crc32_f(crc: u32, byt: u8) -> u32:
+    return 16777215 ^ 397917763
+
+def testEntry(data: bytes) -> u32:
+    return 4294967295 ^ _crc32_f(4294967295, data[0])
+"""
+    exp_result = binascii.crc32(b'a')
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(b'a')
+
+    # exp_result returns a unsigned integer, as is proper
+    exp_data = struct.pack('I', exp_result)
+    # ints extracted from WebAssembly are always signed
+    data = struct.pack('i', result.returned_value)
+
+    assert exp_data == data

tests/integration/test_fib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite
+
+@pytest.mark.slow_integration_test
+def test_fib():
+    code_py = """
+def helper(n: i32, a: i32, b: i32) -> i32:
+    if n < 1:
+        return a + b
+
+    return helper(n - 1, a + b, a)
+
+def fib(n: i32) -> i32:
+    if n == 0:
+        return 0
+
+    if n == 1:
+        return 1
+
+    return helper(n - 1, 0, 1)
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return fib(40)
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 102334155 == result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_helper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import io
+
+import pytest
+
+from pywasm import binary
+from pywasm import Runtime
+
+from wasmer import wat2wasm
+
+def run(code_wat):
+    code_wasm = wat2wasm(code_wat)
+    module = binary.Module.from_reader(io.BytesIO(code_wasm))
+
+    runtime = Runtime(module, {}, {})
+
+    out_put = runtime.exec('testEntry', [])
+    return (runtime, out_put)
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('size,offset,exp_out_put', [
+    ('32', 0,         0x3020100),
+    ('32', 1,         0x4030201),
+    ('64', 0, 0x706050403020100),
+    ('64', 2, 0x908070605040302),
+])
+def test_i32_64_load(size, offset, exp_out_put):
+    code_wat = f"""
+  (module
+    (memory 1)
+     (data (memory 0) (i32.const 0) "\\00\\01\\02\\03\\04\\05\\06\\07\\08\\09\\10")
+
+    (func (export "testEntry") (result i{size})
+      i32.const {offset}
+      i{size}.load
+      return ))
+"""
+
+    (_, out_put) = run(code_wat)
+    assert exp_out_put == out_put
+
+def test_load_then_store():
+    code_wat = """
+  (module
+    (memory 1)
+    (data (memory 0) (i32.const 0) "\\04\\00\\00\\00")
+
+    (func (export "testEntry") (result i32) (local $my_memory_value i32)
+      ;; Load i32 from address 0
+      i32.const 0
+      i32.load
+
+      ;; Add 8 to the loaded value
+      i32.const 8
+      i32.add
+
+      local.set $my_memory_value
+
+      ;; Store back to the memory
+      i32.const 0
+      local.get $my_memory_value
+      i32.store
+
+      ;; Return something
+      i32.const 9
+      return ))
+"""
+    (runtime, out_put) = run(code_wat)
+
+    assert 9 == out_put
+
+    assert (b'\x0c'+ b'\00' * 23) == runtime.store.mems[0].data[:24]

tests/integration/test_runtime_checks.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_bytes_index_out_of_bounds():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(f: bytes) -> u8:
+    return f[50]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(b'Short', b'Long' * 100)
+
+    assert 0 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_static_array_index_out_of_bounds():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT0: u32[3] = (24, 57, 80, )
+
+CONSTANT1: u32[16] = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u32:
+    return CONSTANT0[16]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 0 == result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_simple.py

@@ -0,0 +1,571 @@
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import Suite
+
+TYPE_MAP = {
+    'u8': int,
+    'u32': int,
+    'u64': int,
+    'i32': int,
+    'i64': int,
+    'f32': float,
+    'f64': float,
+}
+
+COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES = [
+    'u32', 'u64',
+    'i32', 'i64',
+    'f32', 'f64',
+]
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', TYPE_MAP.keys())
+def test_return(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 13
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 13 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_addition(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 + 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 13 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_subtraction(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 - 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 7 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u32', 'u64']) # FIXME: Support u8, requires an extra AND operation
+def test_logical_left_shift(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 << 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 80 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64'])
+def test_logical_right_shift(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 >> 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 1 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64'])
+def test_bitwise_or(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 | 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 11 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64'])
+def test_bitwise_xor(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 ^ 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 9 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['u8', 'u32', 'u64'])
+def test_bitwise_and(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return 10 & 3
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 2 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['f32', 'f64'])
+def test_buildins_sqrt(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return sqrt(25)
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 5 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', TYPE_MAP.keys())
+def test_arg(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: {type_}) -> {type_}:
+    return a
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(125)
+
+    assert 125 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Do we want it to work like this?')
+def test_i32_to_i64():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: i32) -> i64:
+    return a
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(125)
+
+    assert 125 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Do we want it to work like this?')
+def test_i32_plus_i64():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: i32, b: i64) -> i64:
+    return a + b
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(125, 100)
+
+    assert 225 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Do we want it to work like this?')
+def test_f32_to_f64():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: f32) -> f64:
+    return a
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(125.5)
+
+    assert 125.5 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Do we want it to work like this?')
+def test_f32_plus_f64():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: f32, b: f64) -> f64:
+    return a + b
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(125.5, 100.25)
+
+    assert 225.75 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('TODO')
+def test_uadd():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return +523
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 523 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('TODO')
+def test_usub():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return -19
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert -19 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('inp', [9, 10, 11, 12])
+def test_if_simple(inp):
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: i32) -> i32:
+    if a > 10:
+        return 15
+
+    return 3
+"""
+    exp_result = 15 if inp > 10 else 3
+
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    result = suite.run_code(inp)
+    assert exp_result == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Such a return is not how things should be')
+def test_if_complex():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: i32) -> i32:
+    if a > 10:
+        return 10
+    elif a > 0:
+        return a
+    else:
+        return 0
+
+    return -1 # Required due to function type
+"""
+
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    assert 10 == suite.run_code(20).returned_value
+    assert 10 == suite.run_code(10).returned_value
+
+    assert 8 == suite.run_code(8).returned_value
+
+    assert 0 == suite.run_code(0).returned_value
+    assert 0 == suite.run_code(-1).returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_if_nested():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32:
+    if a > 11:
+        if b > 11:
+            return 3
+
+        return 2
+
+    if b > 11:
+        return 1
+
+    return 0
+"""
+
+    suite = Suite(code_py)
+
+    assert 3 == suite.run_code(20, 20).returned_value
+    assert 2 == suite.run_code(20, 10).returned_value
+    assert 1 == suite.run_code(10, 20).returned_value
+    assert 0 == suite.run_code(10, 10).returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_call_pre_defined():
+    code_py = """
+def helper(left: i32, right: i32) -> i32:
+    return left + right
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return helper(10, 3)
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 13 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_call_post_defined():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return helper(10, 3)
+
+def helper(left: i32, right: i32) -> i32:
+    return left - right
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 7 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_call_with_expression(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(10 + 20, 3 + 5)
+
+def helper(left: {type_}, right: {type_}) -> {type_}:
+    return left - right
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 22 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('Not yet implemented')
+def test_assign():
+    code_py = """
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    a: i32 = 8947
+    return a
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 8947 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', TYPE_MAP.keys())
+def test_struct_0(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+class CheckedValue:
+    value: {type_}
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(CheckedValue(23))
+
+def helper(cv: CheckedValue) -> {type_}:
+    return cv.value
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 23 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_struct_1():
+    code_py = """
+class Rectangle:
+    height: i32
+    width: i32
+    border: i32
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return helper(Rectangle(100, 150, 2))
+
+def helper(shape: Rectangle) -> i32:
+    return shape.height + shape.width + shape.border
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 252 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_struct_2():
+    code_py = """
+class Rectangle:
+    height: i32
+    width: i32
+    border: i32
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return helper(Rectangle(100, 150, 2), Rectangle(200, 90, 3))
+
+def helper(shape1: Rectangle, shape2: Rectangle) -> i32:
+    return shape1.height + shape1.width + shape1.border + shape2.height + shape2.width + shape2.border
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 545 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_tuple_simple_constructor(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper((24, 57, 80, ))
+
+def helper(vector: ({type_}, {type_}, {type_}, )) -> {type_}:
+    return vector[0] + vector[1] + vector[2]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 161 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_tuple_float():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> f32:
+    return helper((1.0, 2.0, 3.0, ))
+
+def helper(v: (f32, f32, f32, )) -> f32:
+    return sqrt(v[0] * v[0] + v[1] * v[1] + v[2] * v[2])
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 3.74 < result.returned_value < 3.75
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_static_array_module_constant(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT: {type_}[3] = (24, 57, 80, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(CONSTANT)
+
+def helper(array: {type_}[3]) -> {type_}:
+    return array[0] + array[1] + array[2]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 161 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', COMPLETE_SIMPLE_TYPES)
+def test_static_array_indexed(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+CONSTANT: {type_}[3] = (24, 57, 80, )
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> {type_}:
+    return helper(CONSTANT, 0, 1, 2)
+
+def helper(array: {type_}[3], i0: u32, i1: u32, i2: u32) -> {type_}:
+    return array[i0] + array[i1] + array[i2]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert 161 == result.returned_value
+    assert TYPE_MAP[type_] == type(result.returned_value)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_bytes_address():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(f: bytes) -> bytes:
+    return f
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(b'This is a test')
+
+    # THIS DEPENDS ON THE ALLOCATOR
+    # A different allocator will return a different value
+    assert 20 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_bytes_length():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(f: bytes) -> i32:
+    return len(f)
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(b'This is another test')
+
+    assert 20 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_bytes_index():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry(f: bytes) -> u8:
+    return f[8]
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(b'This is another test')
+
+    assert 0x61 == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.skip('SIMD support is but a dream')
+def test_tuple_i32x4():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32x4:
+    return (51, 153, 204, 0, )
+"""
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code()
+
+    assert (1, 2, 3, 0) == result.returned_value
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_imported():
+    code_py = """
+@imported
+def helper(mul: i32) -> i32:
+    pass
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> i32:
+    return helper(2)
+"""
+
+    def helper(mul: int) -> int:
+        return 4238 * mul
+
+    result = Suite(code_py).run_code(
+        runtime='wasmer',
+        imports={
+            'helper': helper,
+        }
+    )
+
+    assert 8476 == result.returned_value

tests/integration/test_static_checking.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import pytest
+
+from phasm.parser import phasm_parse
+from phasm.exceptions import StaticError
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['i32', 'i64', 'f32', 'f64'])
+def test_type_mismatch_function_argument(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+def helper(a: {type_}) -> (i32, i32, ):
+    return a
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match=f'Static error on line 3: Expected \\(i32, i32, \\), a is actually {type_}'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['i32', 'i64', 'f32', 'f64'])
+def test_type_mismatch_struct_member(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+class Struct:
+    param: {type_}
+
+def testEntry(arg: Struct) -> (i32, i32, ):
+    return arg.param
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match=f'Static error on line 6: Expected \\(i32, i32, \\), arg.param is actually {type_}'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['i32', 'i64', 'f32', 'f64'])
+def test_type_mismatch_tuple_member(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+def testEntry(arg: ({type_}, )) -> (i32, i32, ):
+    return arg[0]
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match=f'Static error on line 3: Expected \\(i32, i32, \\), arg\\[0\\] is actually {type_}'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('type_', ['i32', 'i64', 'f32', 'f64'])
+def test_type_mismatch_function_result(type_):
+    code_py = f"""
+def helper() -> {type_}:
+    return 1
+
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> (i32, i32, ):
+    return helper()
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match=f'Static error on line 7: Expected \\(i32, i32, \\), helper actually returns {type_}'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_tuple_constant_too_few_values():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: (u32, u8, u8, ) = (24, 57, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Invalid number of tuple values'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_tuple_constant_too_many_values():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: (u32, u8, u8, ) = (24, 57, 1, 1, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Invalid number of tuple values'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_tuple_constant_type_mismatch():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: (u32, u8, u8, ) = (24, 4000, 1, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Integer value out of range; expected 0..255, actual 4000'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_static_array_constant_too_few_values():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: u8[3] = (24, 57, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Invalid number of static array values'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_static_array_constant_too_many_values():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: u8[3] = (24, 57, 1, 1, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Invalid number of static array values'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test_static_array_constant_type_mismatch():
+    code_py = """
+CONSTANT: u8[3] = (24, 4000, 1, )
+"""
+
+    with pytest.raises(StaticError, match='Static error on line 2: Integer value out of range; expected 0..255, actual 4000'):
+        phasm_parse(code_py)

tests/integration/test_stdlib_alloc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+from .helpers import write_header
+from .runners import RunnerPywasm3 as Runner
+
+def setup_interpreter(phash_code: str) -> Runner:
+    runner = Runner(phash_code)
+
+    runner.parse()
+    runner.compile_ast()
+    runner.compile_wat()
+    runner.compile_wasm()
+    runner.interpreter_setup()
+    runner.interpreter_load()
+
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Phasm')
+    runner.dump_phasm_code(sys.stderr)
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Assembly')
+    runner.dump_wasm_wat(sys.stderr)
+
+    return runner
+
+@pytest.mark.integration_test
+def test___alloc___ok():
+    code_py = """
+@exported
+def testEntry() -> u8:
+    return 13
+"""
+
+    runner = setup_interpreter(code_py)
+
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Memory (pre run)')
+    runner.interpreter_dump_memory(sys.stderr)
+
+    offset0 = runner.call('stdlib.alloc.__alloc__', 32)
+    offset1 = runner.call('stdlib.alloc.__alloc__', 32)
+    offset2 = runner.call('stdlib.alloc.__alloc__', 32)
+
+    write_header(sys.stderr, 'Memory (post run)')
+    runner.interpreter_dump_memory(sys.stderr)
+
+    assert (
+        b'\xC0\xA1\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x7C\x00\x00\x00'
+        b'\x20\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x20\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+        b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x20\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00'
+    ) == runner.interpreter_read_memory(0, 0x60)
+
+    assert 0x14 == offset0
+    assert 0x38 == offset1
+    assert 0x5C == offset2